Countermeasure Research On Patent Commercialization In Universities

With global economic integration and the rapid development of technological innovation, innovation-driven economy has increasingly become the focus of international competition. As the main force of knowledge and technology innovation, the universities shoulder an important role in promoting technological innovation to lead the economy transformation. Currently, the number of patents owned by Chinese universities is increasing, but the level of transformation is generally low. Research on university's patent commercialization plays an important role in implementing the strategy of innovation-driven development of our country and building an innovative country.The paper was guided by the theory of ownership of patent right, incentive theory and patent value evaluation theory. The patent commercialization in universities was studied systematically with knowledge mapping analysis, international comparative study, two-stage DEA, content analysis and other methods. Firstly, the related theory of university's patent commercialization was expounded; Secondly, the development in the practice of university's patent commercialization in University of Minnesota, University of Cambridge and University of Manitoba were analyzed; Thirdly, the comprehensive evaluation and relative efficiency evaluation were made to analyze the present situation and the relative efficiency of university's patent commercialization quantitatively; Fourthly, the problems of university's patent commercialization were studied systematically; Finally, the countermeasures were put forward.The main conclusions of this paper are:(1) The comprehensive evaluation of university's patent commercialization should include three aspects: social benefits, economic benefits and patent.(2) The evaluation of two-stage DEA contributes to discovering the problems of different stages of universities, taking measures and making adjustments.(3) The proposals are put forward to strengthen the level of university's patent commercialization from the following aspects: laws and regulations, intermediary service, incentive mechanism, personnel training as well as cultural values, etc.