Challenges And Countermeasures Of The Management Of Teachers In Primary And Secondary After The Universal Two-child Policy

The universal two-child policy has been officially launched since January 1,2016.This is another major adjustment after the "selective two-child policy",proposed in November 2013.The implementation of the universal two-child policy can address rapid decline in fertility level in China,speeding aging of population,labor population decline of the population structural problems.It will contribute to some impacts on medical and health care,social security,basic education and family life in china.It will also require a holistic approach to accomplish the new policy goal of the universal two-child policy.In the field of education,especially in the basic education phase.In the long run,we should prepare for the adjustment of the education layout structure in advance on the basis of scientific prediction of demographic trends.In the near term,the “Maternity” shortage should be rationally resolved on the basis of protecting the legal procreation rights of female teachers.Some researchers have already noticed the shortage of teachers and put forward initial countermeasures after the implementation of the policy.However,they have not put forward empirical analysis or systematic countermeasures.Therefore,it is necessary to investigate the willingness of the second child of primary and middle school teachers,analyze the practical effects and the coping difficulties,and then systematically discuss the coping strategies.This study adopted questionnaire method and interview method to investigate and analyze the wishes of the "second child" of primary and middle school teachers in J province.Then the writer found that the teachers' fertility intentions of "second child" were very strong and relatively concentrated.There are six levels about the specific impacts:1.The number of female teacher is far greater than the number of male teachers in public primary and middle school,and the universal two-child policy will make the problem more serious.2.Temporary substitute teachers will seriously affects the quality of teaching,the county primary schools will become huge disaster areas.3.The teachers who give birth to the second child will affect the teaching work directly,the spouse who give birth to the second child also have an impact on male teachers.4.Public schools which subjected to the policy is difficult to deal with the challenges,private schools will be relatively better to cope with the difficulties.5.Different levels of educational administration department have notprovided policy help,the schools cannot solve the problem by themselves.6.Teachers' two-child fertility desire will continue to exist,a long-term mechanism needs to be established to solved the problem.J province is in the middle of China,compared with developed areas,the disparity of economic development level is relatively large.Educational resources,especially the teaching staff in J province is very intense.The response and resolution of the problem will be relatively intractable,however,I suggest that we can proceed from the following four aspects:1.Adhere to a general principle.We should protect the "second child" reproductive rights of the primary and secondary school female teachers.At the same time,we need to deal rationally with this problem.2.The government should take the management of the teachers' second child desire into consideration.3.The schools should adapt to this phenomenon,supplement teachers multifariously,and try to use good school culture to eliminate part of the bad influences.4.On other levels,it also needs the considerations of the teachers,the supports of the university,the understanding of the parents.Therefore,they can confront the challenges together that the universal two-child policy leads to school education.