Under The Background Of "Universal Two-child" Shanghai Fertility Welfare Policy Research

Fertility problems are the main problems in the new stage in our country,is an important factor to control the economic and social development of our country.Shanghai long-term implementation of the one-child family planning policy,lead to Shanghai one-child family proportion and aging is more severe than other cities in China,now only children have massive reach reproductive age,the impact of the breadth and depth is more than other cities and regions in our country.Optimize the structure of population and,realize sustainable development of population is important to crack on Shanghai urban construction global problems.At present,although the Shanghai open comprehensive second child birth policy,however,the implementation of the policy effect and policy expectation gap is bigger.The thesis is divided into eight parts.First of all,Through the literature review and Shanghai family welfare policy currently comb,in terms of maternity benefits,"one child" under the background of Shanghai also puts forward some corresponding welfare measures,but these welfare measures is put forward under the special background,can not adapt to the new policy,can not meet the needs of the second child birth.In addition,in view of the "one-child" family welfare measures are put forward the main emphasis on the welfare of the " birth",and to "raise" aspects of welfare are lacking.Second,through empirical investigation and factor analysis found that Shanghai family "universal two children" welfare demand is mainly manifested in four aspects: The government’s public service supply,Enterprise family welfare support,Social good parenting environment Family support of the second child birth.To solve above problems,the thesis based on the analysis of the new policy,according to the population and the welfare pluralism theory,through the reference with the Chinese historical and cultural traditions are very similar to Singapore,Japan,South Korea,according to the Singapore national family type combined with family welfaremodel,Japan’s national and enterprise support complementary fertility welfare model,Korean society and family welfare model,from the government,society,enterprise,family as the main body,a family planning for the future of Shanghai welfare policy proposes some adjustment measures,forming the second child birth support together.On the one hand,to further strengthen the existing "birth" welfare support,on the other hand,make up the "raise" is not enough perfect family welfare policy.Meet the second child birth,encourage birth family in strict accordance with the policy arrangement bears.