Study On The Second Child Fertility Behavior And Its Influencing Factors Of Childbearing Age Women In Hebei Province

Since the 1970s,China has implemented the family planning policy in an all-round way,effectively controlling the population growth trend.After the mid-1990s,China's total fertility rate has fallen to a low level.The long-term low fertility rate has had many negative effects on social and economic development,and the"demographic dividend"effect,which has lasted for many years,is gradually diminishing.On October 29^th,2015,the Fifth Plenary Session of the Eighteenth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China decided to implement the"Universal Two-Child"Policy to cope with the adverse effects of low fertility,but so far the effect of the policy is not very satisfactory.This paper tries to analyze the reproductive behavior of two children of women of childbearing age and its influencing factors,and explore the countermeasures to enhance the fertility willingness of two children and promote the birth according to the policy.Based on the previous literature on fertility behavior and the data of Hebei Province from the national fertility sampling survey in 2017,this paper studies the fertility behavior and its influencing factors of two children of women of childbearing age who have one child in Hebei Province.Based on the needs of this study,in terms of data processing,women of childbearing age aged 15-49 were first screened out,and then women of childbearing age who met the"Universal two-child"policy and had one child were screened out,including those who had only one child and had two children after the implementation of the"Universal two-child"policy.In the data analysis,the demographic characteristics,economic status,family status and other factors that may affect the reproductive behavior of the studied group are initially understood.Then the present situation of two-child reproduction of women of childbearing age who have one child is analyzed.Finally,the factors that influence the reproductive behavior of two-child are analyzed by using the method of binary logistic regression.The results show that demographic characteristics,one-child status,economic status,family status,fertility intention and so on have different effects on the two-child fertility behavior of women of childbearing age.Demographic characteristics and child status have the most significant impact,and economic and family factors also have a certain impact.With the increase of the age of women of childbearing age and their spouses,the fertility behavior of two children shows a trend of increasing first and then decreasing;the higher the education level,the less the possibility of having two children;the possibility of having two children of rural residents is greater than that of urban residents.Gender of one child has a greater impact on the behavior of two children,and women of child-bearing age who have one child as a girl are more likely to have two children;with the increase of the age of one child,the possibility of two children of women of child-bearing age will be reduced.With the increase of the family's annual income,the fertility behavior of two children shows a decreasing trend;the more brothers and sisters there are in the family,the less likely it is to have two children.One and a half years in the implementation of the"Universal Two-Child"policy,Only about one-seventh of women of childbearing age have two children under the policy,and the effect of the policy is not obvious enough.According to the results of the study,the countermeasures and suggestions are put forward from the aspects of changing the concept of fertility,encouraging the birth of two children in cities,increasing economic support,optimizing reproductive services and improving family support,so as to provide reference for promoting the implementation of the"Universal Two-Child"policy.