| Background:Population aging is always a difficult world-side social concern.Without family and children in side,empty nesters faces many problems in their life.In case of an emergency or accident,empty nesters often lack the strength to cope,hard to avoid the tragedy of the empty nest old man died alone.A lot of research has shown that self-reported health reflects a certain degree of psychological and social adaptation of the body itself of cognition,can better predict mortality risk,because the self-reported health easy to measure and its high sensitivity,it is often used to evaluate the health of the crowd.People still have different opinions on the connotation definition of social capital,Putman's definition has been widely recognized.He believed that social capital is the connection between the individual and social networks,and the value standard formed on the basis of mutual trust.Its organizational characteristics mainly in the trust,specificationand network.Previous studies suggest that social capital is,in general,good for health.However,there is a shortage of studies analyzing the association between individual and collective social capital in relation to health amongst empty-nest elderly in China.Therefore this study was conducted in six cities in Shandong province of empty-nesters,estimate Shandong empty-nesters self-reported health and the status of the social capital factors,analysis the influence factors of self-reported health,finally discusses the social capital of empty-nesters self-reported health effects.Objective:(1)Describe basic demographic information of empty nest elderly and self-reported health status;(2)Describe the social capital status of empty nest elderly;(3)Analysis the basic demographic factors of empty-nesters effect on self-reported health status;(4)Analyze the self-rated health related to social capital amongst empty-nest elderly in China.Methods:Multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method are used to select the objectin November 2011 to January 2012 from six cities in Shandong province.Questionnaires were sent to all residents aged ?60 years old,and 2331 empty nest elderly questionnaires were returned.Using self-designed questionnaire and related tools to household survey face to face survey to collect relevant information,including social and demographic information Self-reported health status of the social capital status,etc.Social capital was measured from survey responses to questions on participation.Univariate and multivariate analyses were used,to discuss the relationship between social capital and self-reported health.Results:The average age ofempty-nesters was69.19±6.637 years old,ratio of male and female wasl:1.08,with a primary culture and the following accounted for 73.7%,83.6%of the study population were in marriage,rural families accounted for 60.2%,farmers accounted for 61.6%.Eighty-seven percent of the empty nest old man satisfied with the present housing situation,and more than 79.7%of living with a spouse,living alone accounted for 14.1%;61.2%of empty-nesters expected livingwith spouses,expect to live in old apartment accounted for only 1.8%.Self-evaluation of empty-nesters economy is good or good accounted for 23.6%,appraise the regular economy accounted for 58.3%.Therate of empty-nesters two week prevalence was 68.4%,chronic disease prevalence rate was 15.6%,the hospitalization rate of 69.3%.1293 people had regular physical examination,account for 55.5%.Two weeks in the survey empty-nesters prevalence and hospitalization rates were higher in our study,chronic disease prevalence rate was low.In the study,17%of the respondents reported "bad" in self-rated health.Two weeks prevalence(68.40%)and empty-nesters hospitalization rates within a year(69.3%)is higher,self-reported health status is very nice/good accounted for only 48.9%in this research.In our study,empty nesters who hada sense of trust accounted for 76.9%;reciprocal accounted for 48%;not to participated in community activities(88.5%);had a good community security accounted for 73.5%;had good neighborhood relationship accounted for 79.9%.After controlling the physical health and demographic factors,the result of univariate analysis showed that the respondents who were old,had lower economicsituation,did not smoke,had less drinking frequency,seldom participated in exercise,had no trust in others,never or seldom received people's care when they were ill or sick,bad relationship with colleagues and reported fewer calls with their children tended to report relatively lower level on self-rated health.Those who can't read or read less,had good neighborhood relationship tended to report relatively higher level on self-rated health.Conclusions:Rural empty-nesters level of education is generally low and most werefarmers.Compared with other domestic research on the elderly the self-report health status in our study were bad.Empty nester overall social capital condition is better,but insufficient community participation was significantly.The respondents who were old,had lower economicsituation,did not smoke,had less drinking frequency,seldom participated in exercise,had no trust in others,never or seldom received people's care when they were ill or sick,bad relationship with colleagues and reported fewer calls with their children tended to report relatively lower level on self-rated health.Those who can't read or read less,had good neighborhood relationship tended to report relatively higher level on self-rated health. |
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