The Effect Of 16-week Functional Training On Body Shape And Physical Fitness Of School-age Children

Objective:This study attempts to carry out functional training for school-age children, exploring the influence of functional training on body shape and physical quality, analyzing the relationship between body movement quality, and providing references for Children and adolescents early sports training methods and programs.Methods:The study selected 100 Children (6-13years old) form the children's physical center in Changping District, Beijing He Shi (formerly known as Youti) from June to September in 2005. These Children are divided into experimental group and contrast group randomly with 35 boys and 15 girls in each group. The contrast group is free to exercise, and the experimental group is training the physical flexibility, strength,sensitivity, and speed ability. The flexible exercises include bug crawling and cobra stretching exercise; strength training includes landing stability, jump hurdles, jump over the box; sensitive training includes pick up the ball quickly, rod run; speed training includes push the wall to run, and run the rope ladder. The training time of the experimental group is 1 hour each time, for a total of 16 weeks. The Assessment methods adopt the national physical health standards to measure height, weight, BMI, Sit and Reach, standing long jump; sensitive quality adopts 5-0-5 to-and-fro run, and the speed of quality adopts 20(18.3 meters) yards sprint to assess.Results: (1)Test results of body shape: After 16 weeks of functional training, there is no significant difference in height, body weight and BMI between the experimental group and the contrast group (p> 0.05). In the control group, the height of boys and girls was significantly higher than that of the boys and girls (p <0.01),indicating that the increase of body weight and body weight was the result of growth and development.There was no significant difference between the two groups on BMI(p>0.05),which indicated that the body shape was stable during the growth and development.Functional training, the experimental group compared with the control group results, there was no significant difference in body shape between male and female(p> 0.05),indicating that height, weight growth by the functional training of small,natural growth is the main factor affecting the change.(2)Physical fitness measurement results: after 16 weeks, there are significant differences between the experimental group and the contrast group for boys in standing long jump, 5-0-5 to-and-fro run (p <0.05), and results of the 20 yards (18.3 meters) sprint are significantly different (p <0.01); the test of the girl's 5-0-5 to-and-fro run and 20 yards (18.3 meters) sprint are significantly different (p <0.05),indicating that functional training is effective in improving the physical fitness of children and adolescents.After 16 weeks, compare with the results of the boys and girls within the experimental group in Sit and Reach, standing long jump, 5-0-5 to-and-fro run, 20 yards (18.3 meters) sprint are disparate compare with the results before the training (P <0.01),indicating that functional training to improve the physical fitness of children with a significant degree.(3)Correlation analysis: there is no statistically significant correlation between the Sit and Reach and the standing long jump, 5-0-5 fold and 20 yards (18.3 m) sprint correlation (p> 0.05). The correlation coefficient between the standing long jump and the 5-0-5 to-and-fro run is -0.568, which indicates that there is significant correlation. The correlation coefficient between the 5-0-5 to-and-fro run and 20 yards (18.3 m) sprint is 0.68, indicating that there is a significant correlation.Conclusion: (1)After 16 weeks, there is no significant difference in height, body weight and BMI between the experimental group and the contrast group, which indicates that the functional training has no effect on height, weight and BMI. Compare with the results within the control group and the experimental group respectively, it is disparate different in height and weight, but there is no significant difference in BMI, which indicated that the functional training could keep the children and teenagers in good shape.(2)After 16 weeks, compare the experimental group with the contrast group, the boys' standing long jump, 5-0-5 to-and-fro run, 20 yards (18.3 meters) sprint and girls'5-0-5 fold back, 20 yards (18.3 meters) sprint have statistical significance, indicating that the improvement of physical fitness will not affect by the physical development.Compare with the Children results of experimental group, the physical indexes of boys and girls both have statistical significance, indicating that the method of functional training in this paper is effective to improve the physical fitness of children and adolescents.(3)Standing long jump and Sit and Reach are no relevance,standing long jump and 5-0-5 to-and-fro run, 20 yards (18.3 meters) sprint is significantly negative related with each other. In the implementation of the training program, people can combine the strength training with speed training and rich training form to avoid boring training process.