The Contents Design Of Functional Movement Training In Adolescent Swimming Athletes

Teenagers are not only the foundation but also the guarantee for the development of sports in China.As scientific technology gradually added to the physical training of young people,making the physical training of young people towards the scientific,systematic and intensive direction.However the scientific physical training failed to follow the unique physical and mental characteristics of young swimmers.This has been a great hindrance to the continued development of swimming activities in China.With the rise of physical functional training in Europe and America in the last century,making functional training has become a hot topic in the field of physical training around the world.Since August 2011,the functional training team officially found in our national team,the issue of functional training has been brought to public attention.However there’s still no body functional training content designed specifically for the physical and psychological characteristics of adolescent swimmers,and the relevant research is also numbered.Swimming is a physical-dominance sport emphasized the speed and strength.Athletes need very high physical reserves and skills to combat the environment in the water and the way the human body moves.In a relatively closed water environment,the human body through the interaction between the limbs and water to promote forward.When swimming,the body mostly showed open-chain movement,that is,the proximal limb fixation and distal limb movement,making the body in the flow of water need more neuromuscular control fine action.However adolescent swimmers are trained in a single way in our country.Most of the youth swimming training program is still based on the traditional physical training.Obsolete training concepts and outdated training methods lead to poor training efficiency.The basic physical training should be carried out more scientifically,orderly,effective and safe.Therefore,how to use the advanced ideas and methods of functional physical training to help young swimmers is an important issue that our country needs to discuss at the present stage.Through the review and summarization of the existing literature,this study attempts to design the functional physical training program of the adolescent swimmers.It is hoped that young sports workers,researchers and coaches will be able to learn from these training ideas and methods to further improve and enrich the training system of adolescent swimmers in China.This study uses literature,expert interviews,logic analysis and other methods.The content of this study based on the characteristics of physical and mental development of young people,the inherent laws of swimming,and the theory of functional physical training.Conclusions as follow:(1)The human body is holistic in the functional action training.Training focuses on neuromuscular control and kinetic chain training,and and the target is multi-joint,multi-plane and multi-dimensional.This is an important part of the youth swimming training.In the functional action training,the stability of the core training and the swimming-specific joint training can effectively improve the athlete’s performance.At the same time,the content of functional action training also includes the body imbalance,asymmetry and weak chain training.This way can effectively reduce sports injuries,and good for the healthy development of young athletes in order to extend their sports career.(2)Before training,athletes need to complete the functional action screening.Analysis of screening results can reveal individual differences,including the body’s imbalance,asymmetry and weak kinetic chains.On this basis,targeted functional action training can not only effectively improve the athlete’s performance to a higher level,but also more effectively avoid sports injuries to ensure the healthy growth of young swimmers.(3)Combined with the characteristics of the growth development of young swimmers and swimming-specific features,and based on the best performance pyramid,this study initially established the functional action training program in adolescent swimmers,which includes seven modules that is functional action screening,acting preparation,plyometrics,skill training,strength and explosive force training,the development of the energy system and the recovery and regeneration.The seven modules are interrelated but relatively independent.The functional movement screening and acting preparation is the foundation for plyometrics,skill training,strength and explosive force training,and the development of the energy system.The recovery and regeneration is to prepare the better status of the body for the next training.(4)According to the characteristics of four swimming strokes’ actions and the transmission features in human kinetic chain,this study simulated the swimming environment against the fluid resistance and designed a series of physical exercises for the young swimmers.These exercises are low intensity,appropriate strength and interesting,which can effectively improve the enthusiasm of young swimmers in training,but also improve the technical level and sports performance.