The Study On Spatial Evolution Characteristics And Its Driving Forces Of Rural Settlements In Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone

Rural residential area,which is the fixed place of daily life and production,has different functions and forms in different periods.In recent years,with the rapid development of social economy and the rapid development of urbanization,the rural production environment and living conditions have changed greatly,accelerating the evolution of the spatial pattern of rural settlements.Therefore,accurate knowledge of the characteristics of spatial distribution and evolution and its driving factors of rural settlements is the key for establishment of the corresponding strategies and measures to deal with.This has great theoretical and practical significance to promote Economical and intensive use of land and accelerate the construction of New Countryside.Based on the vector database of rural settlements in 2000,2005,2010,and 2013 and Arcgis10.1 software platform,Assisted by the methods of GIS spatial analysis and landscape ecology to study on the spatial distribution characteristics,evolution characteristics,and its driving factors of rural residents in Poyang Lake ecological economic zone.The purpose of this study is to provide scientific and reasonable countermeasures for promoting Economical and intensive use of land,based on the spatial evolution characteristics and driving factors of rural residential area.The research can be summarized as follows.(1)From 2000 to 2013,the nearest neighbor index distribution of rural settlements in Poyang Lake ecological economic zone is between 0.655-0.666,which is less than 1,among them,the value is 0.666 in 2000 year,0.655 in 2005 year,0.662 in 2010 and 2013 year,which has the spatial distribution pattern,with a statistically significant spatial structure.(2)From 2000 to 2013,with the rapid development of social economy andurbanization in Poyang Lake ecological economic zone,the spatial pattern of ruralsettlements has changed significantly in terms of quantity,size,density,shape andlandscape pattern,and is becoming more and more large-scale and compact.The ruralresidential area in Poyang Lake ecological economic zone has been increasing rapidly,with significant stage and regional differences,from 105298.51 hm2 in 2000 rose to111718.61 hm2 in 2013,with a total increase of 6420.10 hm2 during the period.At thesame time,by comparing the rural residential land area per capita in each district(county)of Poyang Lake ecological economic zone,it is found that the majority ofcounties are becoming more and more contracted as the process of urbanizationadvances.In Poyang Lake ecological economic zone the change of the scale of ruralresidential areas is obvious,and the regional differences are significant.The tendencyof it towards scale,from dispersion to concentration.The rural residential areas inPoyang Lake ecological economic zone were concentrated in or around the cities ofthe southwest and southeast,as well as around the northeast of the Poyang Lake,whilethe sparse areas were located in the mountainous and hilly areas of the northwest andNortheast.The overall shape of rural residential areas in Poyang Lake ecologicaleconomic zone(county)tends to be compact,the patch shape tends to be simplified,and the boundary effect is not obvious.With the increase of the total area of ruralsettlements in Poyang Lake ecological economic zone,the average nearest neighbordistance tends to increase,but the density and the separation index tend to decrease,indicating that it tends to reunite.(3)The spatial evolution of rural residents in Poyang Lake ecological economic zone has a deep-seated and various reasons,mainly affected by the natural factors(topography,rivers and lakes),population factors(rural population change,urbanization)traffic factors,economic and social factors,policy factors,and so on.(1)Natural factors.From 2000 to 2013,more than 95% of the rural settlements in Poyang Lake ecological economic zone are concentrated distributed in the slope grade I-II(0-6°),while the residents of the third to fifth grade are disperse distributed;More than30% of the rural settlements were concentrated distributed in the range of(Level 3)(18-31m),and the others were distributed in the second,fourth,fifth,and first rank;The rural residential area especially the closer to the river,the more obvious the concentration distribution characteristics;From the range of 500-1500 m in Lake buffer,relatively large scale focus on the distribution of a large number of rural residents,but with the implementation of the policy of Poyang Lake wetland protection and immigration,the number of them showed a declining trend year by year;the area in the range of 2000-3000 m increased significantly,and the tendency of it towards scale and concentration.(2)Population effects.2000-2013,in Poyang Lake ecological economic zone the change of rural residential landscape index of the high density,medium density and low density area is larger and the difference is obvious,but the scale is tending to scale and concentration.With the advancement of urbanization,the rural residential land expansion rate not only continues to accelerate,but also has the characteristics of obvious stage and regional differences.(3)Transportation factors.In Poyang Lake ecological economic zone,around thehighway,there were scattered with the smallest scale and the least number of rural settlements;Around the national highway,there were collected with the largest scale,middle number of rural settlements,while the two sides along the county road were relatively densely distributed in the middle scale,the largest number of rural settlements.Secondly,the closer the distance from the highway,the more the number,the larger the area,the scale,and the density of the rural residential area,the smaller the degree of separation,the spatial distribution characteristics of 2013 are better than that in the year of2000.(4)Economic and social factors.2000-2013,the scale of rural population,the level of rural economic development,rural production environment and rural living standards,etc,are the four main driving factors,which affect the economic and social impact of rural residential space evolution in Poyang Lake ecological economic zone.(5)Policy factor.The implementation of the policy of protecting cultivated land,returning farmland to lakes and protecting ecological wetland in Poyang Lake are the main reasons for the significant change of land use types in Poyang Lake ecological economic zone in 2000-2013.(4)Based on the development status of rural settlements in Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone,in order to realize the economical and intensive utilization of rural residential land,it is proposed to strengthen rural residential planning,strengthen farmland protection,and strictly control the rural construction management and supervision.Related departments should as soon as possible in the policy document to promote the transfer of rural homestead.Each region should give full play to their own advantages to enhance economic strength.We will increase social publicity and education.