A Study On The Promotion Of Poverty Alleviation In The Concentrated Areas Of Poverty-stricken Areas In Sichuan Ethnic Areas

Since China has reformed and opened for 30 years, relocation poverty, as China's major poverty alleviation and development pattern, in different regions achieved different results in practical effectiveness--including successful ones and failure ones. As far as the ethnic areas in Sichuan are concerned, the current situation of poverty relocation is still grim. Therefore, it has great theoretical and practical significance that we assess deeply on poverty situation of the relocation of ethnic areas in Sichuan, summarize the experiences and lessons which this practice brought in order to make poverty removal mode to achieve poverty alleviation goals in Sichuan ethnic areas successfully and at the same time guarantee that the practice in promoting Sichuan province and the national synchronized and in building a moderately prosperous society is of great theoretical and practical significance.By the end of 2014, there are a total of 88 poverty-stricken contiguous counties in Sichuan Province where 61.4% of these counties are distributed into different areas such as minority areas of Ganzi, Aba, Liangshan. Minority areas are the main battlefields of the province's poverty alleviation- hoe, and the construction of these areas also is a major historic task which must be completed during the period of building a moderately prosperous society. Since 2001, it has achieved remarkable results in the relocation of herders to settle in action in poor ethnic areas of Sichuan and Tibetan, the comprehensive development of poor areas such as Liangshan, Aba KBD integrated control and consolidation of the achievements of converting farmland ecological migrants, as well as the promotion of Qinling-old revolutionary base areas to accelerate development other major livelihood projects combined with local conditions and then promote the relocation of poor minority areas. However, compared with other poor areas, due to its unique natural environment, geography, history, culture and other factors, poverty alleviation in minority areas is even more difficult, and the most important is that these areas are in the key areas of ecological security, faced with dual task in economic development and environmental protection. Therefore, in order to achieve coordinated and consistent pace in economic development and environmental protection, the Sichuan government took an early move and regarded poverty alleviation and development of applications as an important mode to promote, which is not only the practical needs of the national poverty alleviation and development of the region, but also the inevitable choice for aiding the poor. So, in the process of future poverty alleviation, it is really important to sum up the need for better promotion of the experience accumulated before, and meanwhile improve and perfect the relocation of poverty alleviation model during the period of building a moderately prosperous society.This study suggests that poverty alleviation of ethnic areas in Sichuan is faced with new challenges: one is that the difficulty of poverty alleviation and development of ethnic areas in Sichuan is growing according to the province's poverty reduction strategy, and many constraints of poverty can not be resolved in the district(county) level units; the second one is that the complexity of the factors and rising rates of returning to the poverty are causing a decline in benefits which is brought by application of poverty removal mode.The third one is that the increasing of the income in national poverty areas becomes slow, and relative poverty continues to expand. National market development and infrastructure construction in poor areas lags far behind the poverty alleviation and development needs, which affects the subsequent development of the industry and even farmers incomes whose rate of increase is slow. The fourth one is that the poverty is not accurate and there is still no mechanism established for the appropriate precision poverty alleviation. Imperfect pro-poor policies, inadequate removal of subsidies, and no forming difference in capital grants are making poor households who lack funds supporting their relocation not be able to move successful, which leads a situation where the government may just help the rich not the poor. The fifth one is that relocation poverty is also facing some policy constraints--the storage of land policy, financial management system, the household registration system, social security and other policy support. All challenges mentioned above urgently need a innovative poverty reduction mode to deal with.Therefore, this study suggests that relocation poverty in the future should focus on the following aspects: 1) In terms of the relocation of poverty mode, Poverty alleviation and development should be closely integrated with the development of urbanization; 2) Poverty removal mode should be combined with environmental protection and at the same time the government should promote implementation of urbanization soilless relocation mode; 3) Poverty removal mode should be combined with environmental protection and new rural construction to achieve poverty alleviation and development and ecological protection win-win goal; 4) In terms of poverty targeting mechanism, it is necessary to accurately identify the poor and needy, helping implement precisely according to the specific causes of poverty of the poor, and improving its efficiency; 5) In terms of poverty alleviation funds, it is essential to explore multi-tiered classified funding mechanisms on poverty relocation, and meanwhile not only to carry out the various departments and financial integration between projects, but also to actively guide social investment funds; 6)In terms of development of poverty alleviation projects, it should implement the relevant policy according to the specific circumstances of the poor areas and poor people,and incline to the areas where poor people are of great majority and improve its accuracy of the implementation. 7) At the same time, it should encourage relevant people to actively participate in innovative mechanisms to perfect the main role of the relocation of the object.