Study On Development And Influencing Factors Of Pig Production Layout In China

China is the world's largest pig production country and pork consumption country,and its pig industry has developed rapidly,which attracts considerable attention from the government,producers and consumers.Owing the vast territory,the development of different regions in China has different conditions.With the changes in all kinds of conditions of influence factors,the layout of the pig production will change correspondingly.Giving attention to the change trend of pig production layout and grasping the influence factors of the development of regional production layout are beneficial to give full play to the comparative advantages of each region and improve the efficiency of resource allocation,so as to continuously optimize the regional layout of the pig industry,improve the level of domestic pig industry development and economic benefits.All of above has practical significance in stabilizing the pig market,promoting the healthy and sustainable development of the pig industry and enhancing the international competitive advantage.Firstly,this paper summarizes the development situation of China's pig industry,showing the rigid rising trend of pig production.Meanwhile the changes in the layout of China's pig production is divided into four stages,according to the overall change trend of PLI index in the eastern,central,western and northeast regions of China.And this paper makes a descriptive analysis and comparative analysis on the changes of the pig industry distribution in the main provinces(cities,districts)in each stage.Secondly,on the basis of calculating the resource endowment coefficient and comprehensive advantage index,the change of comparative advantage of provincial units in China is analyzed from the point of view of resource endowment,production efficiency and scale of production.Then judging whether changes in the layout of the pig production in various areas are consistent with the changes in comparative advantage.Finally,based on the theoretical analysis,the paper divides the factors that affect the distribution of China's pig production layout into supply and demand factors,and do empirical analysis of whether the influence factors play a role at different stages and significance of action according to the preceding stage.We can make some conclusions as follow.First,the changes in the distribution of pig production in China between 1980 and 2014 can be divided into four stages,showing a gradual shift from the southern region to the northern region,and the central regions gradually replacing the eastern region.Including Sichuan,Hunan and other places develop a good trend of live pigs;Before the 21 st century,Hebei,Henan,Hubei,Hunan and other central regions develop rapidly,and the status of the pig industry layout is facing a steady increase when into the 21 st century;Jiangsu,Zhejiang and other southeastern provinces and cities in the main provinces of slaughter pigs accounted for the proportion of the total slaughter in the country experienced a rapid decline in the initial stage,the decline has slowed down in recent years;Northeast China in recent years in the whole production position in the production of pigs showed a steady upward trend;Xinjiang,Gansu,Ningxia and other western regions based on poor development.In terms of concentration,the layout of China's pig production is more fragmented and further dispersed in the direction of development.Second,China's pig production layout and changes in the situation is basically in accordance with the principle of comparative advantage.Third,the factors that affect the change of pig production layout in different stages are different.1995-2003 years,the distribution of pig production area is mainly affected by the supply of feed resources endowment,farmland area and other factors;2004-2014 years,water resources and non farm employment opportunities have also begun to play on the impact of the layout of the pig production,besides the market demand factors,which are reflected by the population and income level,have a significant impact on the changes of the pig production layout.Finally,this paper puts forward policy recommendations for the rational distribution of pig production layout,which has guiding significance for the rational allocation of the resources of the various regions and promoting the sustainable development of China's pig industry.