| Industrial cluster,an important driving force and innovation center for regional development currently,theoretically is an effective form of industrial spatial organization effective form of industrial spatial organization that is represented as a concentrated distribution of enterprises in geography.However,a large number of practices on the development of industrial clusters show that not all regions have the advantage of forming industrial clusters,and this clusters have the same effectiveness.In addition,industrial clusters in different regions and different economic conditions will show a different state of development and their evolving laws are characterized,so the evolution mechanism of industrial clusters is a scientific issue worth in-depth exploration.Taking the software industry cluster in Tianhe District of Guangzhou city as an example,this paper discusses the evolution of the software industry cluster in the center of the big city.Based on the data of the three economic census in the sample area,this paper analyzes the evolution characteristics of the cluster from the perspective of the scale,composition,spatial distribution,and agglomeration characteristics,as well as the cluster efficiency of the software industry cluster in Tianhe District.Firstly,the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of the cluster are calculated by the method of spatial autocorrelation and space-time scan statistics.Results show(1)the software industry cluster in Tianhe District has a significant spatial dependence and temporal characteristics,the gathering area is mainly located in the CBD range of the central and southern regions of Tianhe District,and 1995 to2013 had witnessed the geographical accumulation process of the software industry in Tianhe District;(2)the geographical extent of the cluster extends generally from the southwestern part of Tianhe District to the middle and southeast,with the passage of time,the geographical scope of clusters continues to expand and become continuous development,and the agglomeration trend of clusters is also increasing.Secondly,on the analysis of cluster size,cluster structure and enterprise density:(1)the scale of software industry clusters in Tianhe District is expanding constantly,especially the number of software enterprises is increasing fastest;(2)cluster is dominated by software development industry,and the proportion of information technology consulting service is increasing fastest;clusters are dominated by small,micro enterprises and private enterprises,with the proportion of micro enterprises and private enterprises rising;(3)the enterprise density of clusters is continuously improving,and the average annual growth rate of the early formation cluster is lower,while the average annual growth rate is higher in the direction of cluster extension and expansion.Thirdly,based on the identification of the software industry cluster,the DEA model is used to estimate the cluster efficiency,and the spatial regression model is introduced from the aspects of enterprise size,ownership form and other aspects to analyze factors influencing the efficiency change of software industry enterprises in Tianhe District.The results indicate that:(1)the efficiency of enterprises in the cluster area of the software industry is higher than that of the outside of the gathering area,the gap between the inside and outside of the agglomeration area is widening,and the efficiency of the agglomeration area is increasing;(2)spatial spillover effect is significantly exist the enterprise efficiency of software industry,the scale of the enterprise is the core factor leading efficiency of software industry enterprises in Tianhe District,and enterprise size,form of ownership and the establishment time of enterprises together to act on the efficiency of enterprises.On top of that,this paper summarizes the different factors influencing the evolution of the software industry cluster in Tianhe by summarizing relevant literatures at home and abroad and analyzing the actual development of the software industry in Tianhe District,and the mechanism of action of influencing factors on cluster evolution is clarified from both the microeconomic and macrography factors to explore the evolution mechanism of the cluster.Finally,it is concluded that:in the micro mechanism,market demand is the essential driving force;technological innovation is the core force,and talent elements and capital factors are importantdriving forces.In the macro mechanism:specialized division of labor is the root cause of cluster development;government policy plays an important guiding role in cluster development;the synergy among the interest groups in the cluster is an important supporting force;The competition relationship with the external software industry cluster exist simultaneously. |
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