Exploring The Situation Of Old-age Security And Its Detriments In Rural China From A Comparative Perspective

Nowadays China faces the serious problem of aging population.The problem is more serious in rural areas than urban,which causes old-age care pressure in rural areas.The main reason for this problem is that the birth policy changed from the encouraging policy to the family planning policy after the reform and open policy in 1978.According to this change,China's current population structure was made up of a large number of elderly population but less adolescent population,which made the aging population problem more serious in China.Compared with the urban areas,in rural areas,the economic development is low,elderly people have less income source,the social security service is not perfect,and a large imbalance between the supply and demand of old-age security.In the context of rural China,this paper uses the nationally representative data of five provinces to analyze the present situation of rural old-age security and its correlated factors.Based on these factors,we will propose suggestions to improve the old-age security situation in rural areas and narrow the regional differences.Specifically,this paper uses descriptive analysis,variance analysis and Ordinary Least Squares(OLS)regression analysis.The main research content is analyzing the correlated factors of old-age security,such as the rural elderly's family characteristics,policy characteristics and regional characteristics,by the empirical analysis..The results show that family economic status,family sizes,non-agricultural employment situation of the family are main factors that related with elderly security in rural China.Family endowment is the dominant model of old-age security in rural areas.Moreover,there are regional differences of China's rural old-age security:eastern region had a higher endowment level than that in central and western regions,and the biggest significant gap of this is between eastern and the western areas.Based on the empirical analysis result,this paper gives some feasible suggestions to improve the elderly endowment policy in rural China and narrow the regional difference in old-age security system.