The Multidimensional Poverty Measurement In Rural China

Poverty is an important problem in the course of development of human society.It has a profound and complex social and economic connotation.Due to long-term historical legacy and the dual threat form both market and nature,China's rural area poverty situation is serious.Although the anti-poverty work has made great achievements,in the new normal situation,the anti-poverty work still faces enormous pressure.With the development of economy,social progress and the improve of human civilization,the connotation of poverty and the definition of poverty standard have changed,poverty doesn't only means that people who lack of income,poverty has developed that it's a deprivation of human development rights,such as enjoying a longer life,having knowledge,and living a dignity,decent life.The investigation and analysis of poverty has gone from a single perspective of income or consumption to a multidimensional perspective.The multidimensional poverty measurement method provides a new perspective for poverty identification,contributes to a comprehensive understanding of poverty,improves the targeting rate of poverty population,provides better classification relief measures,and improves the effectiveness of poverty alleviation policies.Therefore,this paper carried out the study on two themes: First,the multidimensional poverty measures and the path of poverty alleviation;second,the evaluation of multidimensional poverty measurement.Based on Amartya Sen's theory of ability poverty?the multidimensional poverty measurement framework of <Human development report> and China's reality,this paper selects 10 indexes from three dimensions of health,education and living standards,including health status,medical insurance,adult education,children's education,housing conditions,living electricity,drinking water safety,sanitation facilities,cooking fuel,durable goods consumption.Based on the dataset of CFPS in 2014,the paper applies AF multidimensional poverty measurement method to measure the Multidimensional Poverty in rural China,and interprets the results of multidimensional poverty measurement from different dimensions and subgroups.Secondly,this paper compares the results of multidimensional poverty measurement with the measurement results of poverty in the poverty alleviation work to verify the accuracy of multidimensional poverty measurement.To further verify the effectiveness of Multidimensional PovertyMeasurement Method,the paper incorporates income dimension into the Multidimensional Poverty framework.Through empirical analysis,the following conclusions are drawn: 1.The incidence of multidimensional poverty in China is high and the situation of multidimensional poverty is complex,simply to determine income poverty will underestimate the extent Chinese rural poverty.From the perspective of the regional distribution of multi-dimensional poverty,the western region should be paid sustained attention to poverty problem,the eastern region should also be paid attention to the multidimensional poverty;2.Rural adult education and the improvement of the living environment should be the focus of poverty alleviation policy,it should be linked to the implementation of poverty alleviation projects and the construction of the beautiful countryside;3.Multidimensional poverty measurement method is better than income measurement method.The coincidence degree of income poverty and multidimensional poverty measurement results is 57.21%,on one hand,it shows that income play a key and basic role in poverty measurement,on the other hand,it means that 42.79% of the Multidimensional Poverty households income will be omitted by measurement method;4.Incorporating the income dimension into multidimensional poverty framework can further improve the accuracy rate of multidimensional poverty measurement.The coincidence degree of income poverty and Multidimensional measurement including income dimension has increased by 17.79%,more non income poverty households can be identified as multidimensional poor households.In order to promote the implementation of Multidimensional Poverty Measurement,this paper makes a further discussion from two aspects:(1)Construction of poverty comprehensive index in line with China's national conditions;(2)Poverty prevention mechanism.