Research On The Policy Instruments Of Mineral Resources Optimal Allocation In China

Mineral resources are one of the main material foundation of human survival and social development.Since the 21 st century,with the pace of industrialization and urbanization speeding up,the demand of mineral resources shot up.Due to the particularity of mineral resources are non-renewable resources,mineral resources optimization configuration has been a global research hot spot and the difficult problem.According to the change of social system and economic development,China has experienced three phase of optimum allocation of mineral resources since our founding.These three phases are traditional planned economy period(1949-1978),the early stage of opening-up and reform(1978-1998),the stage of intensive reform of market-oriented economy(1998-),and encouraging results have been achieved.But with the speeding up of industrialization process,the consumption of mineral resources continues to increase,how to management mineral resources scientifically and promote the optimized allocation of mineral resources has become a very urgent issue.Policy instrument tightly connects policy objectives and policy implementation.Choosing appropriate policy tools will enhance the pertinence of policy implementation to specific policy objects,reduce the difficulty of policy implementation,effectively solve the problem and achieve the goals.Influenced by policy problem cognition,policy environment,policy stakeholders and so on,in each stage,there are some similarities of policy tools applications,but also shown differences on the policy objectives,the application of policy instruments and the reform outcomes.In this paper,we divided the development of mineral resources management into three stages as the research object from the time dimension since the founding,by building a policy tool framework of mineral resources optimization allocation,separately discuss and analyze the use of policy tools in each stage,take the voluntary instruments,compulsory instruments and mixed instruments as the foundation,summarizes and sorts the policy instruments,meanwhile analyze the change of politics,economic and culture,discuss the influence factors on the choose of policy instruments,compared and summarize the achieved outcomes and tabled some proposal for the policy instrument design in the future.