Research On The Impact Of Social Capital On The Efficiency Of Regional Innovation

Since the reform and opening up,China has been exploring new ways for economic and social development,and used to rely on the troika-investment,consumption and export to drive the overall economic development,In the new period,China's social and economic development has achieved certain results,which has accumulated a certain basis for the long-term development.However,in the past,the way of development is not suitable for the current development environment,and the new development direction needs to be explored.In 2006,put forward the construction of regional innovation system in our country.In 2016,the 13 th five-year plan emphasizes the implementation of innovation-driven development strategy,after about ten years of development,China's regional innovation input and output increasing,innovation environment and foundations continue to be improved,but there is a big difference between regional innovation efficiency.Regional innovation efficiency is the ability of a region to use innovation input resources to transform it into innovation output,and is the core problem of regional innovation.The improvement of innovation efficiency is conducive to optimizing the allocation of resources,which will improve the level of innovation.To enhance the efficiency of regional innovation,needs the support of a certain external environment.Social capital as a special external environment,social culture,social trust,social networks,social norms is the core content.For the study of culture,ethics and other factors affect the efficiency of regional innovation provides a thought.Social capital accelerate the spread of knowledge and technology,sharing and diffusion,make more effective and rational allocation of resources,and reduce transaction costs,has a direct and indirect effect on the efficiency of regional innovation.Based on the theory of regional innovation and social capital theory,draw lessons from the existing related research results,on the basis of the definition,analysis the influence of social capital on the regional innovation efficiency mechanism theoretically.This article use meta frontier data envelopment analysis method evaluate regional innovation efficiency,from 2009 to 2015 year,including the 29 provinces,autonomous regions and municipalities;Secondly,according to the related concepts and theories of social capital,combined with previous research on the measure of social capital,this paper uses the time-series global principal component analysis method,from the perspective of social trust,social networks,social cultural constructing index system,conducting a reasonable evaluation to social capital.Finally,through the panel econometric model,the influence direction and influence degree of social capital on regional innovation efficiency are empirically tested,and the path analysis is carried out in combination with relevant theories.The conclusions are as follows:Firstly,the overall level of innovation efficiency in China is not high,and there is a great difference between regions.Selecting input indicators from independent innovation and technology import,selecting out indicators form direct technological achievements and the economic benefits,build the regional innovation efficiency evaluation index system.According to the result of meta frontier DEA method to evaluate,innovation efficiency differences between regions in our country is obvious.Overall,the eastern innovation efficiency is high,the technology is more advanced.The innovation efficiency of the middle and western regions is relatively low and the technical gap is large,so we need to make further efforts to improve the level of technological innovation and improve our own innovation efficiency.Secondly,the social capital is stairway and gradually ascends in time series.In this paper,using time series global principal components analysis method to measure regional social capital.According to the evaluation results,it can be found that the eastern social capital level is relatively high,and the middle and western regions are not high.Social capital can be divided into lowest,lower,low,high,higher,five classes.From the classification results,after 2015 years no region area at a lowest level,social capital overall level entered a new phase.The social capital accumulation in Guangdong and Zhejiang is relatively rich,and the early entry to the higher level early,Jiangsu is followed.The overall level of the central region is not high.The overall level of social capital in the western region is developing in a good direction,but so far,the comprehensive level is not high and needs further efforts.Through the analysis of the comprehensive level of social capital in various regions,it is found that the accumulation of social capital is a long-term process,which needs to be cultivated and raised gradually.Thirdly,social capital has direct and indirect influence on regional innovation efficiency.Social capital plays a positive role through social norms.The direct and indirect effects of trust and network components on regional innovation efficiency are not obvious,and weaken the role of social capital in promoting regional innovation efficiency indirectly through foreign trade.Social norms can exert influence on regional innovation efficiency by influencing market level and foreign trade,but it cannot indirectly affect regional innovation efficiency by affecting the level of financial development.As a result,social capital has a certain positive influence on regional innovation efficiency,but it also has some negative effects.Finally,through the empirical analysis results,combined with the understanding of the related theory,puts forward relevant policy suggestions: actively focusing on regional innovation input and output,narrow the regional difference of regional innovation efficiency.To create a good external environment,play to the role of the external environment,to further improve the efficiency of regional innovation,play to the market,foreign trade,financial development level in the role of regional innovation efficiency,pay attention to social capital,exert the positive influence of social capital on the regional innovation efficiency,at the same time,restrain the bad influence of social capital in the regional innovation process,especially focus on the negative effect of the trust and network components.