The Research On The Construction Characteristic Of Confucian Temple Of The State And The County In Shandong During The Ming And Qing Dynasties

The Confucian Temple is the architectural carrier of Confucianism,the orthodox belief of Chinese feudal society,from the original sacrificial to the ancient school that later became an integral part of the temple.The Confucian Temple is an indispensable functional building in Chinese cities,regardless of their scale or construction.The study object of this thesis is defined as “the Ming and Qing dynasties,Shandong religion,the Fu and Xian Confucian Temple.On the one hand,Shandong as the origin of Confucianism is more representative.It is easy to comb the development vein of the Confucian Temple.On the other hand,the scope of Shandong is more systematic.The author adopts a multidisciplinary method,involved history,architecture,society,culture and other perspectives.The Confucian Temple of Shandong religion has been put into the historical background and the urban atmosphere.This paper intends to illustrate and discuss the relationship between the space composition of Confucian Temple and the management system of the whole city,aiming to excavate the cultural connotation of ancient city and strive to present the basic construction framework for understanding Shandong Confucian Temple.The Confucian Temple of Shandong prefecture and county,as the unique cultural landscape and building type of local cities,is the centralized reflection of Confucianism which applied to the building construction and organization.Besides,it undertakes the function of sacrifice and education.The Confucian Temple is a masterpiece of etiquette culture.From the overall layout of the courtyard to the building monolithic system,from the sacrificial offering space to the flexible and independent teaching space,it embodies the details of ceremony and symbolism.With statistical and analysis methods,this paper intends to unfold the characteristics of different Confucian Temple.Based on the existing research achievements,a profound analysis on Confucian Temple's universal characteristics and the nuance will be provided.Under the background of advocating the protection and use of Confucian heritage in recent years,this paper has provided ideas and theoretical foundations for the continuation of the joint application of Confucian heritage.The dissertation consists of three parts.The first part is to raise questions,define the objects of the study,and summarize current research on the Confucian Temple from multiple perspectives.(Chapter 1)The second is an analytical background.(Chapter 2)Through combing the development of the Confucian Temple that accompanies the content of Confucianism,it summarizes the two historic functions of education and worship of Confucius,and on the other hand,analyzes the evolution of the Shandong Confucian Temple.The last part is the summary study(Chapter3.4.5),which is the core content of the thesis.In the formation of urban forms,the Confucian Temple,as one of the most important types of buildings,directly or indirectly affected the development of the cities at all levels in the ancient Fu Zhou and County and the formation of the final form.The regularity features of the Confucian Temple in its spatial layout and architectural form are also representative of ancient Chinese architecture.The connotation and cultural implications of the extended ritual system are also the embodiment of Confucianism in ancient architectural construction.