The Research On The Spatial Form Characteristic And Influence Factors On Rural Settlements In Southern Of Shaanxi Province

The southern part of Shaanxi Province is located in the center of China’s geographical location and belongs to the hinterland of the Qinba Mountain area.More than 80% of the area is mountainous and hills landform.Due to the many mountains,dense forests and the inconvenience of traffic,the southern Shaanxi region has been in a state of economic poverty and lagging development for a long time,especially in the vast rural areas.In recent years,in the macro background of the construction of beautiful countryside and the revitalization of rural areas,the travel conditions,village appearance and supporting infrastructures in the rural areas of Southern Shaanxi have been greatly improved.Taking the rural settlements in southern Shaanxi as the research object,this paper analyzes the spatial morphological characteristics as well as various factors which affect the spatial forms,therefore,it provides a certain theoretical foundation and construction basis for the continuous improvement and further healthy development of the rural appearance in southern Shaanxi.Based on the application of methods of literature research,induction,deduction survey and interdisciplinary research,firstly,the paper elaborates the rural areas in southern Shaanxi and the constituent elements characteristics of the village spatial patterns in southern Shaanxi through on-the-spot investigation in southern Shaanxi villages.The major six aspects are as follows.The natural environment,borders,roads,places,signs and buildings.Besides,based on the results of the division of geographical units in plain basins,low hills,and high mountain areas in southern Shaanxi,it is guided by the basic characteristics of spatial patterns in settlements and the research ideas of the times.As a typical example of three geographical units that are Luocun village,Sanguan village and Yaping village,which were selected for a case study of the basic characteristics of the rural settlements in southern Shaanxi and that of the times in the contemporary economic and social environment.Subsequently,through in-depth analysis of typical cases and other research villages as additional support,the spatial patterns of rural settlements in southern Shaanxi were summarized and analyzed from the aspects of characteristics of sites selection,flat shape regularity,street layout,and building layout.Finally,the characteristics of the settlements in the plain and basin were summarized to be the strips characteristics in the settlements of the lowland and hilly areas as well as thedecentralized features in the middle and high mountain areas.Finally,this parer discusses the influencing factors of village spatial patterns in southern Shaanxi from four aspects which are the natural environment,culture,economic development,and social changes.It has drawn a conclusion that the combined effects of natural environmental factors and cultural factors have formed the basic spatial patterns characteristics.Therefore,it plays a leading role in the generation and development stage of spatial forms and also the basic factor that affects the spatial patterns of rural settlements in southern Shaanxi.The current economic development and social changes have resulted in the upgrading and transformation of the village space quality in southern Shaanxi,which has played a new leading role and the time factor that influences the spatial form of villages in southern Shaanxi.According to the detailed study of the spatial morphological characteristics and their influencing factors in southern Shaanxi villages,this paper lays out a theoretical basis for the development and construction of rural villages in southern Shaanxi.It also enriches the research achievements in this field and provides references for other related studies.