Research On The Impact Of High-speed Railway On Regional Economic Development

High speed railway,as a revolutionary transportation tool,its rapid development has not only changed the transportation structure,but also produced a series of economic effects,which have profoundly affected the development of the regional economy.By the end of 2018,China’s high-speed railway operating mileage has reached 29,000 kilometers,accounting for more than 2/3 of the world’s total mileage.The construction of the "eight vertical and eight horizontal" high-speed railway network has been carried out nationwide,and China’s economic development has entered the stage which is “The era of high-speed rail." However,domestic and foreign scholars’ research on the regional economic impact of high-speed railways has not reached a consensus conclusion,and there is also a lack of accurate quantitative analysis based on large amounts of data.Therefore,it is extremely important to study the impact of high-speed railways on regional economic development.It is Valuable and practical significance.This paper systematically sorts out relevant research results at home and abroad,and supports the theory of radiation,development axis theory and network development theory,and explains the close relationship between high-speed railway and regional economic development.The impact mechanism of high-speed railway on regional economic development is analyzed in detail,on the one hand,the construction and operation of high-speed railways reduces travel time,improves regional accessibility,and brings about optimization of transportation structure.On the other hand,the passage of high-speed railways enhances the value of real estate along the line and enhances the region’s attractiveness to external investment,and the construction of high-speed railway has also greatly promoted the development of energy,machinery,information and other related industries,with strong regional economic promotion and industrial structure optimization effects.At the same time,the convenience of high-speed rail transportation has brought about an increase in the scale and frequency of population movements between regions,which has promoted employment and accelerated the flow of production factors such asresources,information,technology and knowledge,showing positive spillover effects.Based on this analysis,this paper uses the panel data of 80 large and medium-sized cities across the country for 12 years,and uses the DID assessment method to quantitatively evaluate the impact of high-speed railways on regional economic development and explore its differences in the central,eastern and western regions,and anti-factual testing is used to ensure the accuracy of the empirical results.The double difference results show that the construction and operation of high-speed railway has obvious promotion effect on regional economic development,and this effect exists in different regions.Due to the superiority of economic base,geographical location,high-speed railway mileage and density,high-speed railway has the strongest contribution to the economic development of the eastern region,followed by the central region,while the western region is vast and the density of high-speed railways is seriously insufficient to form a strong impetus to its economic development.According to this,we must further accelerate the construction of high-speed railway network throughout the country,increase investment in high-speed railway construction in the western region,adapt it to the local economic development speed,and form a characteristic development model based on high-speed railway,thereby narrowing the regional differences between the central,eastern and western regions.