Study On The Development Tendency,Landscape Planning And Design Characteristics Of Botanic Gardens In Australia And New Zealand

Nowadays,environmental problems are more and more serious all over the world,and biodiversity has been sharply reduced.Botanical gardens have the role and mission of protecting natural ecology.Australia and New Zealand have long been isolated from other lands and have rich and special biological resources,so they have an important strategic position in global plant protection.At the same time,both countries belong to the australasian ecological zone,with similar geographical location and historical process,which is of common research value.At this stage,the research on the Australian New Botanical Garden at home and abroad mostly stays in the perspective of a single botanical garden.Few people have studied the development trend and planning and design characteristics of the Australian and New Zealand botanical gardens from a regional perspective.A total of 104 botanical gardens were selected from 85 Australian botanical gardens and 19 New Zealand botanical gardens registered by BGCI,through literature research and field research,with time as the axis analysis quantity change curve,combined with the background and development of botanical garden important historical events will be divided into budding period(1816-1840),development period(1841-1889),steady period(1890-1944),turning period(1945-1999)and the innovation period(since 2000)five stages.By summarizing the distribution and planning characteristics of botanic gardens in different periods and analyzing their causes and evolution trends,the construction of Australian and New Zealand botanic gardens reflects the gradual transformation of the people of the two countries from the early "British center thought" to an independent thought,and the process of paying attention to the natural resources of the country and displaying their unique natural and cultural characteristics.Sums up the characteristics of contemporary botanic garden concept for sustainable development of the regional features,and native plant protection concept,space layout according to its axis positioning and base characteristics can be divided into structure,natural landscape structure and eccentric structure,plant display system show the scientific system,the native habitat display system in combination with thematic display system and combined with the feature of location,road organization and touring interpretation system,summarize the feature set is analyzed.It is concluded that the planning and design for in order to enhance the public's awareness of ecological civilization,for the purpose of features show regional features and innovative design methods,focusing on science popularization education and recreation experience function,Finally,it forms the characteristics of diversified and innovative botanical garden planning and design.