The Design Research On Slight Nursing-cared Elderly’s Home-based Community Life Care Unit

Since China entered the aging society in 1999,the aging degree has been deepening,which is showing new characteristics such as the rapid growth of the elderly population,the expansion scale of the elderly living alone or in empty nests and the increasing proportion of the disabled and semi-disabled.During the 13 th five-year plan period,China is gradually improving the elderly-care service system,which is the basis of home-based care,supported by community care and supplemented by institutional care and combined with medical and nursing care.However,in the face of the severe aging situation,the care level of community pension facilities in China is still low,and the pension service supply mechanism is not perfect.The diversified mode of home-community-institution pattern has not formed effective linkage and complementarity,so it is urgent to further improve the refinement level of home-based community endowment pattern and realize the optimal allocation of endowment resources.Based on the development status of China’s elderly-care service system,this paper starts from the behavioral pattern and the needs of the home-based community endowment pattern main target population — the lightly nursing care elderly.From the dimensions in the elderlycare service demand and supply,old-age care facilities design pattern,studying the design related issues,such as the elderly population’s body function condition in Guangzhou,the service demand characteristics,the typical endowment patterns in foreign countries,the type and characteristics of elderly-care facilities,the elderly-care facilities’ spatial patterns of life care unit.This paper is divided into five parts.The first chapter is the introduction,which summarizes the research background,research status at home and abroad,related concept connotation,research content and methods.The second chapter is the research and analysis of the elderly population in Guangzhou in terms of health conditions,needs for elderly-care services,the evaluation of elderly care facilities,etc.And then this chapter summarizes the disability of different types of elderly population,the demand intensity of service projects and the influencing factors.The third chapter compares and analyzes the elderly-care and facilities pattern in the United States,United Kingdom,Japan.And then this chapter summarizes the development trend and types of elderly-care facilities.The fourth chapter summarizes the typical spatial organization mode of elderly-care facilities through the analysis of relevant building cases.Based on the research conclusions of the previous four chapters on the behavioral demand characteristics and the spatial characteristics of the elderly-care facilities,the fifth chapter studies the refined design strategy of the living care unit.The main research conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1)The disability rate of slightly nursing-cared elderly is higher in indicators such as toilet,bath,cooking,laundry,shopping,etc.,and the individual health care needslevels were different with different disability;(2)Compared with the United States,the United Kingdom,Japan and other countries,China should take measures such as improving relevant laws and policies for the elderly,paying attention to health prevention and continuous care,and encouraging the participation of social capital to further improve the existing pension model;(3)The elderly care facilities show the development trend of community,family,compound and combination of medical care and nursing.According to the degree of care,they are divided into four types: life entertainment type,health care type,medical rehabilitation type and comprehensive type;(4)The spatial modes of community elderly care facilities are divided into four types: parallel type,surrounding type,radial type and three-dimensional compound type,and the design principles and specific design strategies of short-term accommodation groups,rehabilitation groups and medical groups related functional rooms are summarized.On the one hand,this paper puts forward corresponding suggestions to more accurately grasp the diversified pension needs of the elderly population and improve China’s home-based community pension model;on the other hand,it also provides a scientific reference for the design and research of China’s community pension care facilities.