Study On Energy-saving Design Of Rural Steel Structure Buildings In Cold Regions

It is based on our country's development requirements of future rural ecological and energy-efficient buildings and the urgent need to improve living standards and building energy efficiency in rural areas to promote steel-structured houses characterized with environmental friendliness,short construction period and good antiseismic performance in rural areas.In recent years,due to the constraints on the supply of raw materials for traditional brick structures in rural areas,farmers have begun to try to build self-constructed energy-saving houses of various structures.Therefore,researches on energy conservation of such buildings have certain theoretical significance and engineering application value.This paper takes rural steel-structured houses as the research object,and studies the current situation of rural building energy conservation in cold areas and the indoor living comfort of rural houses in Guanzhong Area.Through investigation and researches,it is found that steel-structured houses have just started in rural areas,and the energy-saving measures adopted cannot meet the energy-saving standards for regulating rural houses in cold regions.Therefore^in order to obtain relevant research data,a test experiment of indoor day and night temperature difference in winter between rural steel structure houses and traditional brick-concrete structure houses is proposed.It is found that the indoor day and night temperature differences of the two types of houses are generally large,and it is not comfortable enough to live in both types of houses.Therefore,it is necessary to strengthen the insulation measures for both types of building.In order to make a more in-depth research on energy-saving design,by means of the external thermal insulation structural measures on the external wall,on the basis of effectively reducing the influence of the cold and thermal bridge of the steel frame of the building,simulation calculation and analysis on the energy consumption factors affecting the basic model have been conducted by using DeST-h software.The research has found out different energy-saving schemes of the insulation layer when different materials of different thicknesses are selected.To be specific,when the outside surface of the external wall is insulated,the insulation material EPS should be 130mm thick,and the rock wool board(mineral wool board)should be 150mm thick.Between the steel walls,the embedded EPS should be 70mm thick,and the XPS board should be 60mm thick.The plastic-steel window coated with Low-e and installed with hollow glass is preferred.When economic conditions permit,an external window with a low heat transfer coefficient should be selected.The energy saving effect is better after adopting measures such as appropriately increasing the number of south-facing windows and reducing the ratio of the north-facing windows.In order to verify the numerical simulation results,the research results have been applied to an engineering example to optimize the energy-saving design,and a new energy-saving scheme for the building envelope structure has been proposed.The comparative analysis shows that the overall energy-saving schemes No.1,No.2 and No.3,compared with the original scheme,is respectively 48%,55%and 53%higher in terms of energy saving rate of a year,with the overall energy-saving scheme No.2 having the best energy-saving eff-iciency.The research proves that the optimized energy-saving scheme can ensure the enclosure structural parameters of steel-structured rural houses and the building energy consumption of steel-structured rural houses can meet the requirements of energy-saving regulations.It is economically suitable for the construction of rural residential buildings.In short,it shows a promising future to promote and apply steel-structured houses in rural areas.The conclusions of this paper provide a reference for future energy-saving research on rural steel-structured houses in cold regions.