A Study Of Modern Cemetery Design From The Perspective Of “Cultural Landscape”

As the last residence of human beings,cemetery bears important emotional memory and cultural connotation.At the same time,the cemetery also reflects the ethnic culture,religious beliefs,social concepts and aesthetic characteristics of different regions at different times.It plays a vital role in the development of cities and the continuation of human civilization.But influenced by our traditional geomantic omen and the concept of life and death,the topic of cemetery and “death” is taboo to Chinese people.Different from Western cemeteries built in central urban areas,such as churches,communities,parks and other places,most of our country's cemeteries are located on the edge of the city or on the mountains.Because the development of modern cemeteries in our country is still in the primary stage,and the relevant theoretical research and practice are not perfect and mature,the development of cemetery in our country at this stage presents many problems,mainly focusing on the following four aspects,such as “the contradiction between human beings and land resources leads to high pressure for environment and society”,“the conflict between building volume and environment leads to ecological destruction”,“the inflexibility of grave forms”.With our country attaching great importance to the issue of “culture” and “ecology”,the protection and inheritance of traditional culture and the maintenance of natural ecology have been raised up to a strategic height.Therefore,it is particularly important to discuss and study “the cultural construction” and “ecological design” of cemetery.This topic introduces the related concepts of “cultural landscapes” into the design of modern cemeteries just in response to the above problems and the needs of the times.Firstly,by systematically analyzing and sorting out the research status of cemetery design at home and abroad,the key issues,purposes and significance of this topic are explored,and the concept of “modern cemetery” is defined.Secondly,the relevant concepts of “cultural landscapes” are defined,and the applicability of “cultural landscapes” in modern cemetery design is discussed from the connotation of “cultural landscapes”,the development trend and demand of cemetery design,and the policy and the development background of the times promulgated by the state.At the same time,it also expounds on the value and significance of introducing “cultural landscapes” into modern cemetery design and analyzes the corresponding relationship between “cultural landscapes” and modern cemetery design.Then,by issuing questionnaires on “graveyard-related issues” to the public,this paper explores the public awareness and acceptance of sacrificial practices,the existing forms of graves,the opinions on the location of graveyards,and the views and requirements on the design and management of graveyards.Subsequently,the field study outline on the cemetery is drawn up.Taking the main urban area of Chongqing as the research area,the field survey of the cemetery in Chongqing is carried out from the aspects of “cultural construction” and “ecological design”,and the existing problems of the cemetery in Chongqing are summarized.Finally,based on the previous basic research,the concept of “cultural landscapes” is introduced into the design of modern cemeteries.From the perspective of “cultural landscapes”,the design strategies of modern cemeteries are discussed from the aspects of “culture” and “landscapes”,and the strategies of “cultural reproduction” and “landscape integration” are summarized in order to provide some constructive reference and suggestions for the development of modern cemetery design in China.