Traits Observations Of Several Local Pear Cultivars And Effects Of Different Scion-stock Combinations On Growth, Fruit Quality And Yield Of Pear

In this study,the main traits of several pear varieties in Shaanxi province were described,at the same time,the effects of different scion-stock combinations on the growth vigor,the grafting affinity,photosynthetic characteristics,yield and fruit quality were investigated by using the scion-stock combinations with the‘qingai'as the dwarfing interstock,‘Cydonia oblonga'as rootstock and‘Hardy'as interstock.It could provide a theoretical basis for the collection and utilization of local pear cultivars and the dwarfing planting of pear.The main research results are as follows:1.According to the standard in Chinese Fruit Tree Pear?handbook?,leaves,tree vigor and fruits characteristics of local pear cultivars?Binxianshuiyisheng,Binxianlaoyisheng,Qianxianyinli,Qianxianpingli,Daliyisheng?were investigated.2.The effects of scion-stock combinations with the‘qingai'as the interstock on the growth,fruit quality and yield of pear.The results showed that the interstocks of‘Qingai'had better growing compatibility with the rootstock and four kinds of scion varieties?‘2-49',‘Yuluxiang',‘Hongxiangsu'and‘Suli'?.The growth consistency of the‘Qingai 1'and the rootstock was better than‘Qingai 3',the compatibility of‘Qingai 3'and scion was better than‘Qingai 1'.The dwarfism of‘Qingai 1'was better than‘Qingai 3'.The branch composition of different scion-stock combinations was similar,with the highest proportion of short branches,followed by long branches,and the proportion of middle branches was the lowest.There is little difference in photosynthesis in leaves between different interstocks,and the diurnal variation of net photosynthetic rate was negatively correlated with the diurnal variation of intercellular CO₂ concentration.The fruit quality of the scion-stock combination with‘Qingai3'as interstock was better than that of‘Qingai 1',and the yield was relatively high.3.The effects of scion-stock combinations with‘Cydonia oblonga'as rootstock and‘Hardy'as interstock on the growth,photosynthetic characteristics,fruit quality and yield of pear.The affinity between‘Hardy'and six kinds of scion varieties?‘2-49',‘AbbéFetel',‘Starkrimson',‘Hongzaosu',‘Zaosu'and‘9712'?was similar,the ratio of the trunk diameter of the scion to the interstock was 0.65-0.73,showed that'Hardy'as interstock had a great influence on the trunk thickening of scion.The composition of branches in these scion-stock combinations were all the proportion of short branch was the highest,followed by the long branches,and the proportion of middle branch was the lowest.The diurnal trend of photosynthesis in leaves of different scion-stock combinations were Investigated.The fruit quality and yield of different scion-stock combinations were measured,the fruit quality of‘AbbéFetel'and‘Starkrimson'was superior,and the yield of individual plant was higher.