Extraction?Isolation?Purification And Functional Activity Of Polysaccharides From Ganoderma Lucidum

Ganoderma lucidum is a traditional Chinese medicine,has been used as drug for a long history.According to the theory of Chinese Medicine,it has tranquilizing by nourishing the heart,reinforcing lung and supplementing Qi,nourishing the liver and strengthening the spleen and other functions.And it has used for the treatment of weak and constantly ill,lassitude,palpitation and insomnia,vertigo,cough asthma,anorexia and other symptoms.Modern research showed that the fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum included a wide variety of biological components,such as polysaccharides,triterpenoid,protein,nucleoside,furan derivatives,steroidal alkaloids leaven and so on.It can improve immunity,anti-tumor,protect the liver,restrain the nervous system,lower blood pressure,enhanced cardiac contractility and other functions.It has shown that the toxicity of the fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum was very low.It is a very safe and effective Chinese herbal medicine.So,the study of Ganoderma lucidum have been the focus of attention.The proteoglycan GLW was obtained from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma lucidum by separation and purification.The primary structure of GLW was been studied,lipid-lowering and hepatoprotective activity were screened.At first,the crude polysaccharide(GL)was obtained from Ganoderma lucidum fruiting bodies by,hot water extraction,alcohol precipitation,dialysis,and lyophilization in this study.The yield of GL is 0.92%,and the polysaccharide and protein content are 65.81%and 19.1%respectively.Then proteoglycan GLW was obtained through DEAE Sepharose Fast Flow anion exchange column ehromatography.It's yield is 0.08%,polysaccharides and protein content of 89.25%and 11%.Polysaccharide content of GLW is significantly higher than protein content.In addition,the analysis of GLW structure was operated through purity identification,HPLC determination of molecular weight,monosaccharide analysis,Fourier transform infrared and ultraviolet full wavelength scanning.It concludes that GLW polysaccharide is a pure proteoglycan with molecular weight of 6521Da,and mainly containing glucose and mannose and linked by ?-glycosidic bonds.The effect of hypolipidemic and hepatoproteetive were screened.The results showed GLW polysaccharide could reduce the mortaiity of the human liver cancer eell line HepG2 induced by alcohol damage.At the same time,GLW induced the activity of SOD to increase,the activity of MDA,ALT and AST to decrease on liver cancer eell line HepG2.The results suggest that GLW has protective effect on alcohol injured liver cells.GLW proteoglycan also can induce the increasing of expression of low density lipoprotein receptor LDLR on HepG2 cells,which indicates that GLW polysaccharides can regulate cholesterol transport and promote the degradation of low density lipoprotein.