From "Provide For The Aged Alternately" To " AA-Like Provide For The Aged":A Study On The Changes Of Rural Family Support

The main form of family support in rural are taking turns to provide for the aged,at home and living alone.Rotational support is a way of providing for the aged referring to sons care for parents on the basis of rotation of residence and time,mainly for the sons of families with many children.When studying phenomenon of the daughter provides for her parents in families with many children in contemporary rural,some scholars point out that the daughter undertakes more and more important responsibilities and plays a more and more important role,and a type of providing for the aged at the present stage-child sharing responsibility.This paper finds that there is a way of providing for the aged in the village where the author is located,which is similar to the two types of provide for the aged,but is different from them in essence.In general,there are several differences between the form of providing for the aged this paper and rotational support:firstly,all children are undertakers of caring for parents in the form of providing for the aged,not only the son,even if the daughters and parents live in different places,but also the daughters must participate in taking care of parents.Secondly,taking turns to provide for the aged is support parents in turn in time as a unit,in accordance with a certain order;In this paper,the way of supporting parents is evenly distributed according to the number of children.Thirdly,the biggest difference between the two is whether "support parents"considered to be a job or task,whether pursuing " equality",which is also the essence of the difference.The logic of family support is similar to " aa system",pursuing"equal" and"fair and just "and "ensure their own interests" are their final aim.But there is not equality and fairness absolutely,so the form of family support is defined as " aa-like provide for the aged" in paper.According to the existing research and field observation,there is a relationship between the rotational support and " aa-like provide for the aged"in the time of formation,the former is preceded by the latter.At present,the study of rural family support is more focused on itself,including pension content,influencing factors,existing problems and solutions,mainly in two aspects:one is the specific content of rural family support,and the two is the basis of rural family support.These researches mostly focus on the analysis of family support itself from the macro level,and seldom involve the theoretical level.The paper,starting from the definition of informal institution,integrates family support into the category of informal system,and considers that informal institution is the consensus of people for better interaction and communication to reduce conflict.It is the norm and criterion of the behavior of the actors.On the basis of the relevant theories of informal institution,the paper divides the informal institution into emotional norms,ethical norms and interests norms,and establishes the analysis framework of this article in combination with social facts to discuss the informal institutional change of rural family support.Through the analysis of this problem,the following conclusions are drawn:at present,in the rural families of multiple children,two kinds of family pension system are mainly implemented-rotation of the aged and "aa-like provide for the aged".The former is preceded by the latter,the former is the basis of the latter,and the latter is the inheritance and development of the former.Although the two institutions exist at the same time,their emotional norms,ethical norms and interest norms are different.First of all,there are differences in the emotional norms between the two pension institution.In the rotational support institution,its emotional norms mainly include two aspects:firstly,the definition and cognition of blood related to village recognition,that is,its norms need to be recognized by the village society;Secondly,the son is the main body of the pension responsibility,that is,the son is responsible for the support of the parents.In the institution of "aa-like provide for the aged",its emotional norms are different from the former.The main manifestations are:the legal identity of the daughter is recognized,the definition of blood relationship is more inclined to legal recognition;the daughter participates in the responsibility of supporting parents,that is,the main body of the aged is changed from son to son and daughter.It can be seen that the informal institution of family support in rural areas has changed to some extent in terms of the emotional norms of the two pension institutions.Secondly,the ethical norms of the two pension institutions are different.The ethical norms of the two pension institution mainly refer to the rural recognition standards represented by filial piety culture.In the institution of rotation for the aged,the ethical norms are mainly expressed as the preservation of the traditional "filial piety" culture,the belief that "raising children to prevent the old",and that the son is kept in a proper way;the strong ethical supervision system will be discussed and even blamed by the public if it does not follow the standard of village approval.In the "aa-like provide for the aged",the children have the right to speak,the absolute authority of their parents is weakened,and it is duty for their daughters to support their parents.It can be seen that the ethical norms of the two pension institution have also undergone some changes.Thirdly,there are differences in the emphasis of interest norms between two pension institutions.Interest norms mainly refer to the norms related to family members' interests in family support institution.In the system of rotation for the aged,the norms of its interests are mainly embodied in two aspects:for one ting,the family members pay more attention to the overall interests of the family;for another is the unequal distribution of family members of the responsibility for the aged.In the institution of "aa-like provide for the aged",the main interests of the institution are:the pursuit of the personal interests of the family members and the average allocation of the responsibility for the aged by the members of the court.So it is different to emphasis of them,and their specific norms have also undergone some changes.