The Impact Of Rural Elites' Mobility On Village Governance In The Transition Period

The village elite is an important force that can not be ignored in the development of rural society,an important participant in the development and improvement of the system of villager autonomy,an effective contributor to the democratization of the rural politics and a major force in promoting Socialist New Countryside Construction.With the continuous development of urbanization,the added value of rural land is too low,the traditional agricultural production is simplex,the development of rural productive forces can no longer satisfy the rural population,and more and more rural laborers are attracted by the cities and flow outward,resulting in a shortage of rural talents in reserve and even “hollow villages”,which seriously hindered the development of rural society.With the advancing of the new national rural policy,a series of policies to support agriculture,and to benefit the farmers,and also the hard working of cities,under the pressure of urban life,the village elites then returned home one after another,to live and work in rural areas and achieve self-worth.While Promote the development of rural society and make contributions to the progressive democratization of rural areas in our country.However,rural development still needs more elites to love the rural areas,to take root in the rural areas and promote the continuous development of Socialist New Countryside Construction.Therefore,in order to promote the continuous progress of rural society,how to cultivate more rural elites,attract rural elites to return home,and build hometown are the focuses of this paper.In this paper,A,B,C three villages in the same area of Longnan in Gansu as a research object.The degree of marketization and the quality of life of village A are the best.The villagers' enthusiasm for participating in politics is also the highest among the three villages.Village B is the second,village C is the most backward with the pea?sant economy as the main mode of production The status quo of the village elite in the three villages is that the return rate of elite returnees in village A is the highest with the lowest ratio of out-going labor.The economic development of village B is not as good as that of village A.The rate of outflow of labor is greater than that of village A.The political participation ofrural elites is in the middle of the three villages.The outflow in village C is the most,while the return elites are few.The author draws a conclusion: the rural elites promote the marketization of the village and democratization of the village politics,and the social resources of village.Village A,with more elite returnees,had significantly better social resources than other villages,while Village C,the rural labor force was experiencing serious outflows,which caused almost a hollow village,was the economically poorest with paralyzed village politics.Therefore,we must positively affirm the important role of rural elites in village development.We must also consider how to improve the social democracy in rural areas and the production environment in rural areas to better attract rural elites and inspire rural elites to play a positive role in village governance is the research value and research significance.This paper,through empirical research methods,visits three villages A,B and C on the spot and divides rural elites into three categories: political elites,economic elites and cultural elites.From three aspects: rural politics,rural social order and rural economic development,studied the impact of rural elite mobility on rural society.On the one hand,the return of rural elites promoted the social and economic development of rural areas,enriched and updated the rural culture,improved the quality of life of villagers,promoted the awareness of villagers' political participation and promoted the democratic development of rural society,which was in favor of Socialist New Countryside Construction.On the one hand,the exodus of rural elites has accelerated the "hollowness" of villages,the lack of intrinsic motivation in rural development,and the lack of basic social resources in the villages such as politics,economy and culture,which have lagged behind or even regressed rural development.Therefore,in order to promote Socialist New Countryside Construction,it is necessary to vigorously develop and utilize rural resources to promote the rapid and sound development of rural society,to comprehensively enhance the living standard of rural areas and to make villagers enjoy a strong sense of well-being in the village life,and to inspire positive influence of rural elites.We will continue to improve the grass-roots democratic system in rural areas,formulate a talent flow mechanism that adapts to rural social development,step up education in rural areas,change educational concepts,raise thepolitical awareness of villagers,improve the construction of rural infrastructure,improve the livable environment in rural areas,And retain the rural elite in reserve to make our efforts.The main content of this thesis is divided into four parts,namely:The first part is to sort out the relevant theoretical research and research methods,including: sorting out the theory of elite rural elites,the elite mobility theory,the role of rural elites in village governance.The second part analyzes the status quo of elites in the three villages,sorting out the village elites under the political perspectives of A,B and C,the rural elites under the economic view and the elites from the cultural perspective,The current situation of the elite flows in three villages and the reasons for the rural elite mobility were analyzed.The third part is the influence of village elites on village governance,and analyzes the influence of village elite flow from diversified political subjects,rural social order and rural economy respectively.The fourth part is the analysis of the predicament caused by the outflow of rural elites to village governance.Mainly concentrated in the lack of governance subjects,grassroots democracy is difficult to truly achieve,and rural infrastructure construction lags and other issues.The fifth part is about the countermeasures for the influence and dilemma of village elite governance caused by the flow of rural elites.Including promoting the rational flow of rural elites,attracting rural elites to return,improve the rural system,cultivate rural reserve elites,improve the level of rural governance and other methods.