| Poverty alleviation is inseparable from effective financial support and guarantee.As an important part of financial poverty alleviation,poverty alleviation by micro-finance institutions has attracted more and more attention.However,due to the contradiction between the profit-seeking characteristic and the universality of poverty alleviation of micro-finance institutions,China’s micro-finance institutions have been confronted with such problems as goal deviation,low efficiency,and unsustainable.The reason lies in the imperfect legal system related to poverty alleviation of micro-finance institutions as an important guarantee,which makes the benefits of micro-finance institutions in the process of poverty alleviation lower,thus reducing the enthusiasm of poverty alleviation of micro-finance institutions.Therefore,analyzing the legal problems behind the current situation and promoting the improvement of the legal system are the basic approaches to solving the problems and promoting the poverty alleviation and development of China’s micro-finance institutions.Based on the theory and the development status of poverty alleviation by micro-finance institutions in our country,analyzing China’s poverty alleviation by micro-finance institutions on the legal issues,and combined with the successful experience of other countries,propound some suggestions of legal system of China’s poverty alleviation by micro-finance institutions.These suggestions mainly includes the protection of financial consumers’ rights,setting up the motivation mechanism,perfecting the supporting system,innovating the mode of regulation.This paper will be divided into four parts:The first part discusses the definition and type of micro-finance institutions,and point out the main mission of micro-finance institutions is to provide basic financial services to poor and small enterprise in order to broaden the financing channels,increase revenue which provide effective support of poverty alleviation and innovate mechanism by financial means.And from the financial poverty alleviation,especially in the aspect of the importance and function of micro-financial institutions in poverty alleviation work,this paper explains the realistic needs of poverty alleviation of micro-financial institutions,and also sorts out the main ways and practice of poverty alleviation of micro-financial institutions in China.The second part puts forward that poverty alleviation of China’s micro-financialinstitutions is faced with development obstacles,and analyzes the legal problems and institutional defects behind the development obstacles,including rights and obligations,legal norms,and regulatory issues,which are mainly caused by the defects of relevant legal systems.The third part makes a comparative study of the development of poverty alleviation of different types of international micro-finance institutions in the United States,Bangladesh,Indonesia and other countries,and puts forward the enlightenment of successful experience outside the region on poverty alleviation of China’s micro-finance institutions.The fourth part,aiming at the legal problems faced by China’s micro-poverty alleviation institutions,puts forward specific suggestions on system improvement from the perspectives of protecting the rights and interests of financial consumers,establishing incentive mechanism,improving supporting system and innovating supervision modes. |
