Research On Fire Risk Governance In Old Residential Areas From The Perspective Of Vulnerability

With the great achievements to build a well-off society in China,people's living standards are rising steadily.In the new era,the diversity and complexity of fire safety accident are increasing gradually,and the fire risk coefficient enhances unceasingly,therefore,the importance of fire safety in protecting people's lives and property is increasing day by day,which brings new chalenges for fire risk governance.The fire risk of old residential areas is large in amount,resulting in more casualties,which deserve more attention and the reflection.This paper takes the vulnerability of fire safety and its governance in the old residential areas as the research topic,and constructs an analysis framework includ ing the physical vulnerability,space vulnerability and human vulnerability from the perspective of vulnerability theory,combined with the public governance theory and the theory of crisis life cycle,using literature research method,case analysis method,questionnaire survey method and interview method,in-depth investigation of four old residential areas of P district in Shanghai to explore the fire risk governance in old residential areas.From the physical vulnerability point of view,buildings and firefighting hardware facilities in old residential areas have the problem of fire risk tolerance and insufficient resistance.From the perspective of space vulnerability,the fire passageways are blocked,and the residential corridors are not smooth,and the construction of emergency shelters is delayed in old residential areas,which will enhance the sensitivity of fire risk in old residential areas and make them less able to withstand fire risk.From the human vulnerability point of view,the main problem in the old residential areas is fire risk governance structure in a single governance body,forming the administrative risk governance model led by residents' committees,which is manifested in the absence of government,the big package of residents' committees,loss of property company main body responsibility,the alienation of the role of owners committee,community fire voluntary organizations functional limitations,and the shortage of the community residents' awareness of fire.Therefore,the pattern of cogovernance of fire risk has not been formed in old residential areas.Analysis the causes of the fire safety vulnerability of old residential areas,including time limits of objective factors,population structure complex,street office contracting fire service,residents' committees administration,the property company profit orientation,owners committee is loose,and community fire voluntary organizations' ability insufficiency,the residents of community fire control consciousness weak,unreasonable input structure of fire resource by government.In order to reduce the vulnerability of fire safety in old residential areas,this paper will learn from the experience of Taiwan and Japan,and put forward countermeas ures and suggestions from the aspects of improving the hardware facilities in old residentia l areas,improving the fire control space in old residential areas,optimizing the risk governance in old residential areas,and enhancing the awareness of fire control in old residential areas.