Study On The Institutional Change Of Community Governance Under The Restriction Of Path Dependence

Community governance is the foundation of social governance.The realization of social governance depends on the improvement and development of community governance at the grass-roots level."Village to residence" type community is a new type of community which is born in order to promote the integration of urban and rural construction,narrow the gap between urban and rural areas,save urban construction and industrial and commercial land.It is not only different from the traditional rural community,but also different from the pure urban community.It is a transitional community type between the two.The community work of "village to residence" in China is the result of the mandatory institutional change under the leadership of the government.Because the community organization and the relocated residents have been bound by the rural ideological baptism and life habits for a long time,as well as the accumulation of the national "top-down" management mode,a large number of institutional arrangements during the village period have been preserved in the community governance of "village to residence",and there are serious institutions in the implementation of the system.As a matter of inertia,the "village to residence" community has fallen into the awkward situation of "both urban and rural" and "non urban and non rural",which has seriously restricted the transformation from "village to residence" community to urban community.Based on the case study of M community in Zhangqiu city,this paper,on the basis of the two theories of community governance and institutional change,makes an in-depth exploration of the path dependence in the institutional change of M community governance.it is found that M community governance hides such institutional stickiness as double dependence between political and social organizations,family and administrative interference in elections,paternalistic governance and logical combination of the weak.Under the constraint of the above institutional stickiness,the institutional change of M community governance has such problems as weakening of community independence and autonomy,unclear boundary of power and responsibility between political and social organizations,and suppression of community residents' participation enthusiasm.Through interviews with peopleat all levels of the community,the author finds out several groups of reasons for path dependence: the obvious causes include the lack of adaptability to the times in the legal system design for the "village to residence" community,the principal-agent contract relationship between the government and the community,and the shortage of economic resources for the independent development of community governance;The hidden causes include the general weakness of the public spirit of community residents,the unclear goal of the development of community governance system,and the weakening of the ties of unity within the community.Based on the above reasons,the following counter measures are put forward: first,strengthen the construction of community governance and the rule of law,which should not only improve the legal procedures for the "village-to-residence" community,but also strengthen the legal education for community organizations and residents;Second,the government system should be further reformed,mainly from three aspects: straightening out the relationship between the government and the society,changing the government's functions and standardizing the government's role;Third,clarify the functions of community organizations,require grass-roots community organizations to clarify their own responsibilities,reduce their dependence on government resources,and at the same time require community organizations to play a good role as a bridge to promote integration within the community.Fourth,cultivate the civic awareness of the community residents,with emphasis on strengthening the residents' awareness of autonomy,participation and responsibility.Because of its complexity and uniqueness,the "village to residence" community cannot sing along the way in the process of institutional change.Therefore,the government,the community and the residents must overcome the fear of reform and work together to promote community development.