Discussion On The Current Situation Of Senior Citizens' Elderly Demand In Shenzhen Based On Time Bank Model

Objective: This study aims to promote the participation of senior citizens in Shenzhen in the time bank model.By investigating the current needs of senior citizens in Shenzhen,the way they retire and live,and the current demand for conventional bank pension models,we understand and analyze the willingness and influencing factors of senior citizens in Shenzhen to participate in the model and make specific suggestions.Improving the quality of life of senior citizens in Shenzhen and the sustainability of the development of time bank models.Methods: Using the simple random sampling method,Six administrative regions were randomly selected from the ten administrative regions under the jurisdiction of Shenzhen.From April to June 2019,eligible seniors were included in the study in these six administrative regions.A field one-to-one questionnaire survey was conducted on 450 elderly people in Shenzhen.The research contents include the general sociodemographic situation,the willingness to provide for the elderly,the service needs of the time bank project and the quality of life.The general information questionnaire,willingness questionnaire,item selection demand scale and quality of life summary table(SF-36)were used to collect the questionnaire data.The database was established by Epidata3.1 data entry software,and the data analysis was performed by SPSS22.0 and Stata12.0 statistical analysis software.Unpaired student's t-test was used to comparing means and Chi-squared test was used for comparison of proportions between groups.A P value of<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results:(1)This study involved a total of 450 Shenzhen elderly people,with an average age of 66.95± 5.59 years,the youngest age was 60 years,and the oldest was 88 years old.There were 177 males(39.33%)and 273 females(60.67%).(2)Shenzhen's current quality of life for the elderly: scores in energy(77.57 ± 14.94)and mental health(77.82±14.11)were significantly higher than those in the general population in China energy(71.15 ± 18.15)and mental health(75.23±16.69).The physical function(84.24 ± 15.90)and physiological function(77.72 ± 35.23)scores of Shenzhen elderly were lower than those of those in the general population in China physical function(89.01 ± 15.73)and physiological function(81.99± 31.65).(3)Status of Shenzhen senior citizens 'willingness to choose an old-age model: 9.18% of seniors in Shenzhen choose an institutional pension model,73.80% of seniors choose a family model,and 17.02% of seniors choose a community model.87% of seniors choose one old-age care model,while 12.3% of seniors choose to combine two or more pension models.There are statistically significant differences in household registration,number of children,monthly income,education level and occupation type(P <0.05);There are statistically significant differences in household registration,education level and previous occupation,monthly income,income satisfaction,purchase of medical insurance,whether to plan for Shenzhen retire and your knowledge of the time banking model,participation and demand attitudes are differences in the number of lifestyle choices among the elderly in Shenzhen were statistically significant(P <0.05).(4)Current willingness and needs of the elderly in Shenzhen's time bank model: 82.44% of the elderly are willing to participate in the time bank model.The main reason for the respondents to participate in the time bank model is to reduce the burden of child support(68.89%)And addressing retirement need(55.11%),the main reasons hindering their participation are the lack of time to choose(62.44%)and the fear of friction and disputes(25.33%),the content of services(55.11%),and the group of services(38.22%)is the most important factor.(5)Shenzhen senior citizen time bank project demand results: Subjective needs of service types ranked in order: learning and training(2.12 ± 0.973),medical services(2.29 ± 0.956),sports and entertainment(2.48 ± 1.004),and companionship services(2.51 ± 0.967)and daily care(2.82 ± 1.088);The order of objective demand service types is: medical services(36.41%),sports and entertainment(17.07%),companionship services(15.97%),daily care(14.86%),and Learning and training(11.26%).Conclusion:(1)The characteristics of the elderly population in Shenzhen generally conform to the age structure characteristics of the "low ageing" of the elderly population in China and the gender structure characteristics of "feminization of the elderly population." At the same time,it has the prominent characteristics of low proportion of elderly living alone and high proportion of non-registered population.(2)The better the results of the health self-assessment,the better the quality of life of the elderly in Shenzhen.(3)Shenzhen senior citizens' willingness to choose autumn care is home care,community care and institutional care.And the choice is relatively single.(4)Compared with other regions in China,the elderly in Shenzhen are more willing to participate in the Time Bank pension model.Reducing your child's stress is the main internal motivation.Their main concern is insufficient free time.(5)There are differences in subjective and objective needs of the elderly in Shenzhen.The comprehensive analysis of the demand for medical services is relatively high.