A Study On The Cultivation Of Senior High School Students' Critical Thinking

Critical thinking is the essential quality and key ability of a person's lifelong development,as well as the core literacy of the individual's development in twenty-first Century.Senior high school is the golden period to cultivate students' critical thinking.But at present,there're problems in the training of critical thinking in school education,which needs to be solved.Therefore,cultivating students' critical thinking will be a breakthrough in the reform of basic education in the future.If teachers pay attention to training the quality and ability of students' critical thinking,it will help cultivate the core literacy of the students and improve the quality of basic education.Firstly,this paper combined and commented on the research of critical thinking at home and abroad,defined the concept and composition of critical thinking,and put forward the goal of critical thinking training for senior high school students,which included two aspects: critical thinking quality and critical thinking ability.Among them,the critical thinking included seven tendencies: authenticity,openness,curiosity,self-confidence of critical thinking,analysis,systematicness and maturity.Critical thinking ability included six skills: interpretation and clarification,focus and analysis,evaluation and judgment,reasoning and hypothesis,explanation and summary,self-examination and adjustment.Secondly,in order to investigate the current situation of the cultivation of critical thinking,the method of scale test was used.This paper took four senior high schools in Shenyang as an example to investigate the level of critical thinking quality development of senior high school students.The study found that: On the whole,a few senior high school students had the quality of critical thinking,but the critical thinking quality of most senior high school students was still at the middle level.There were differences between male and female in the authenticity,openness,analysis and maturity of critical thinking,which required teachers to pay attention to these differences in training practice.The quality of critical thinking of senior one students was better than that of senior three,which shown that after three years of school education,the critical thinking quality of senior high school students had not only been significantly improved,but also slightly decreased,which shown that there were some problems in the cultivation of critical thinking.Next,through the unstructured interviews with five teachers in Shenyang,the currentsituation of the cultivation of critical thinking in senior high school students was understood,the problems of cultivation of critical thinking was summed up,and the deep causes of the problem of cultivation was analysed.The research found that there were some problems in the cultivation of critical thinking: The training objectives were not clear;The teachers' ideas needed to be promoted;The teachers' understanding of the learning situation was inadequate;The method of cultivating critical thinking was single;The course structure and the content of the teaching materials were inreasonable;The construction of atmosphere of the critical thinking was not significantly enough;And the way of the evaluation of students was non-science.This study suggests that the main reasons of the problems of the cultivation of critical thinking were: The traditional thinking existed the drawbacks;Social culture was not given enough attention;The curriculum structure and teaching content were not reasonable;There was “an invisible control”in classroom teaching;The educational environment was excessively "easy";The examination and evaluation system were limited;Teachers lacked professional training.Finally,based on the current situation of school education,the study put forward the solution strategy of the problems of the cultivation of the critical thinking of the senior high school students: At the level of training goals,the goal of critical thinking training should be formulated,and the goal of critical thinking course should be explicited;At the level of training and Implementation,the curriculum structure and content should be achieved the diversification,the teachers' education idea should be changed,the daily education and centralized training should be combined;At the level of environment of cultivation,the good atmosphere of social culture of critical thinking shoule be created,the campus environment construction of critical thinking should be strengthened,and the power of social education should be exerted;At the level of the way of evaluation,the way of the evaluation of the college entrance examination should be reformed,and the diversified evaluation mode should be constructed.