Study On The Equalization Of The Preschool Education Public Services In Supply-side Structural Reform

Since the State Council "Outline of The National Medium and Long Term Education Reform and Development Plan(2010-2020)" And "Several Opinions on The Current Development of Preschool Education" were issued in 2010,the concept of bringing pre-school education into the public service system was first proposed.Since then,the public service of preschool education has been a hotspot issue among government and academia circle as pre-school education was formally incorporated into the basic public service system in the 12 th Five-Year Plan.Chengdu,as one of the first batch of national central cities in China,it is typical and representative in the reform process of equalization of public services for preschool education as it is not only the experimental area of urban and rural comprehensive reform,but also the experimental area of national preschool education reform and development.Preschool education service in Chengdu has made a great progress after two rounds of “Preschool Education Three-year Action Plan”,however there are certain problems exposed,especially the contradiction between the public's diversified and high quality education needs,as well as the unbalanced and inadequate development of preschool education public services.In addition,the non-equalization of pre-school education public services is obviously serious.In this paper,by referring to relevant literature research,the development process of pre-school education public service in China is summarized,the necessity and urgency of the reform of education public service supply side is analyzed,and measures to promote equalization of public services in pre-school education and development of pre-school education in Chengdu city are concluded.Secondly,based on the statistics on preschool education in Chengdu provided by Sichuan Provincial Education Bureau and Chinese Education Statistics Year Book,problems in equalization of public services in preschool education in Chengdu are studied in this paper through a combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods.Indexes such as the average education expenditure,the ratio of students to teachers,the ratio of teachers' qualifications,the ratio of teachers' professional titles,the average building area of students,the books of students' average,etc,are mainly applied in this paper to compare non-equalization in the public service of preschool education in Chengdu in terms of educational funds,the faculty and school conditions.Stating from the supply side,this paper analyzes the quality resources of pre-school education and the lack of public kindergarten resources supply and uneven distribution have exacerbated the imbalance of pre-school education services.Main causes of the imbalance of public service of preschool education in Chengdu are deeply analyzed in this paper,specific influencing factors from the aspects of system policy,economy,management system and operation mechanism,such as the urban and rural dual structure,imperfect pre-school education laws and regulations,difference of regional economic growth level,shortage of education outlay investment,unclear government power and responsibility,lacking of the concept of government awareness,imperfect financial investment mechanism are summarized.Finally,excellent experience in preschool education to promote education equity can be learned from the United States and Japan.In order to promote the equalization of public services in preschool education,certain countermeasures and suggestions are propounded in this paper.First,the progress of legislation of pre-school education should be accelerated.Second,improve the provincial pooling,the county-based management system and clarify the responsibilities of governments at all levels.Third,strengthen the financial investment in public services of preschool education,optimize the financial input structure and improve the financial transfer payment system;Fourth,strengthen the supervision and evaluation of equalization of public services in preschool education.Finally,promote the reform of the public service supply side of preschool education starting with supporting measures and perfect the performance evaluation mechanism of pre-school education public service balanced development,optimize the provision structure of public service for preschool education,improve supply quality,and innovate supply methods.