Research On Fiscal Policy To Implement Comprehensive Two-child Policy

The population problem,which China is facing,is the basic,overall and strategic issue.From the supply side,adjusting and consummating population policy,is the key to consolidating the supply base and laying the foundation for China's economic restructuring and development.In 2015,the Fifth Plenary Session of the 18 th CPC Central Committee proposed a comprehensive two-child policy,in order to alleviate the pressure of China's ageing with fewer children and labor shortage,improve the family's ability to resist risks,balance the sex ratio of the birth population,and promote the coordination and sustainable development of population,social economy,resources and environment.,which was implemented on January 1,2016.However,according to the data released by the National Bureau of Statistics,the number of births and birth rate in our country both declined in 2017 and 2018 that did not meet the implementation objectives of the comprehensive two-child policy.It can be seen that the implementation of the comprehensive two-child policy cannot fully solve the population problem that occurs in China at this stage,because the population is affected by many other factors,such as education problems,life stress,and career development.Therefore,in order to make full use of the policy effect of the comprehensive two-child policy,the government should give more help in improving taxation,housing,employment,family development,and child care services in a timely manner,so that families who meet the conditions of childbearing have no worries,want to have one more children and dare to do that.Finance is the foundation and important pillar of state governance,with functions of resource allocation,income distribution,economic stability and development.In terms of improving taxation,housing,employment,and child care services,the finance can reduce the economic burden of the family and improve the education,employment,and medical care environment through tax incentives and financial subsidies.Therefore,fiscal policy is indispensable for the purpose of implementing the comprehensive two-child policy.This article mainly uses the literature research method,the questionnaire survey method and the comparative analysis method;it relies on the human capital theory,the child's cost-utility theory,the child's quantity-quality substitution theory and theory of public goods;sorts out the population status of China after the implementation of the comprehensive two-child policy;analyzes the reasons for the policy of "cold" which include the direct economic cost of raising,the cost of time,the difficulty of entering the kindergarten,and the change of the concept of fertility;understands the current two-child maternity supporting measures in China and finds that the current supporting measures are still insufficient,and finally propose a fiscal policy to promote the implementation of a comprehensive two-child policy by drawing on the experience of other countries in the world about encouraging fertility measures.The innovation of this paper lies in the innovation of research perspective.Different from a large number of research on fertility willingness and population prediction on the comprehensive two-child policy,based on the guiding ideology of "financial is the foundation and important pillar of state governance",this paper puts forward that the fiscal policy should improve the current fertility level,and solve the population problem by encouraging fertility in terms of tax reduction,financial subsidies,and public services under the background of the comprehensive two-child policy.The shortcoming of this paper is that the implementation of the comprehensive two-child policy is short,the related information is lacking,and the data is insufficient.Therefore,the analysis of this paper may be insufficient,and the conclusion may not be perfect.