The Research On The Influences Of Long-jump Athletes' Sport Ability Influenced By Special Strength Training Methods

Long jump is a fast strength event dominated by physical fitness.Strength,speed and technology are the core competitive abilities of long jumpers.Strength training is regarded as the foundation of improving the three core competitive abilities.The level of special strength is the prerequisite for athletes to achieve good results.Specialized training has become the common goal of high-level coaches and athletes.The significance of special strength training for long jumpers lies in effectively improving the special quality,obtaining higher sports ability,and then improving the special performance.Only when the special strength training methods and means are closely matched with the special technical requirements of long jump,will there be the possibility of producing good training results and obtaining higher training benefits.The purpose of this paper is to explore the influence of special strength training methods on long jumpers' athletic ability.Taking special strength training methods as the breakthrough point of research,the author optimizes the training methods of special strength,designs training experiments around the optimization of special strength training methods,compares the changes of the indicators of athletes' athletic ability before and after the implementation of special strength training,and tests the effect after the implementation of special strength training.The research mainly uses the methods of literature,expert interview,questionnaire survey,experiment and mathematical statistics.The following conclusions are drawn:1.The results of this study show that: stride jump,one-foot jump,high somersault,squat,snatch,rib leg raising,continuous hurdle jump,bow and arrow jump are more suitable for the special characteristics of long jump,and are generally recognized by long jump coaches and teachers.2.After the special strength training experiment,the special physical fitness of long jumpers has been improved: the test results of standing long jump,standing 5-level jump and 6-step run-up 5-level single-foot jump are better than those before the training experiment,and the difference is significant(P<0.05);the progress of 30-meter time running is small,but the difference is not significant(P>0.05).It shows that the selected special strength training methods are effective for long jumpers.Specialized strength and jumping ability can promote the athletes' speed ability,but in a short period of time,the athletes' speed ability has not been substantially improved.3.Before the comparative training experiment,there were significant differences in the four parameters of takeoff height,relative maximum power,instantaneous force and maximum force(P < 0.05),but the initial speed of takeoff increased slightly(P > 0.05),which indicated that the selected special strength training methods could improve the explosive strength and springing strength of long jumpers' lower limbs.It has better practice effect.4.After the special strength training experiment,the average of athletes' special performance was improved compared with that before the training experiment,and the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05).Long jumpers' long jump performance has been improved on the basis of improving their special ability.5.Special strength training can effectively improve the fast knee pedal and extension strength of athletes.The relative peak moment of hip extensor is good,but the ratio of hip and ankle peak moment flexion and extension is obviously different from that of domestic elite long jumpers.Especially in the aspects of fast strength and muscle balance,the strength performance of hip and ankle joint needs to be improved.