Research On The Influence Of Functional Strength Training On The Special Strength Of Long Jump At Hletes In Colleges And Universities

Functional training originates in the field of rehabilitation.Physical and occupational therapists are used for the correction of the body posture and the reconstruction of motor function.After ninety years of the last century,the commercialized development of competitive sports-the increase of events,the intensification of physical confrontation and the increase of the chances of athletes' injuries.In order to avoid sports injury,restore competitive ability and return to the arena as soon as possible,functional training begins to enter the field of competitive physical fitness training,and gradually develops into a new training system.Because of the late start,functional strength training in Chinese sports training field has not formed a mature climate,especially like the long jump so physical leading class athletics events,although the national team has begun to slowly spread of functional strength training,but under the provincial and municipal level professional team,amateur sports school,high level sports teams in Colleges and universities for functional strength training of this piece is still like a piece of white paper.Furthermore,the long jump is a very explosive movement,athletes from the run-up,take-off,flight to the ground is almost one,which requires the player to release as much energy as possible in a short period of time,so the quality of special forces is essential for athletes.However,in the daily long jump training,we find that many athletes' special strength goes up after a certain height,and then they can't improve.The special strength and quality meet with bottlenecks,which directly leads to the improvement of special performance.The special strength of long jump has a higher demand for small muscle group strength,joint strength,human body's coordination and stability as well as sports chain ability,and these abilities can be improved through functional strength training.Therefore,this paper will use literature review,expert interview,questionnaire,mathematical statistics and experimental method to experiment on 12 high jump athletes in Wuhan sports science.6 members use functional strength training method for the experimental group,6 athletes use traditional strength training method for the control group,after 18 weeks' experiment,Before and after the experiment,the experiment group and the control group were compared and analyzed the data before and after the training of the special strength index,the special fast strength index,the special response strength index and the special performance index.It was used to find a greater training method for the special strength of the long jumpers.The results of this study are as follows:(1)from the experiment group and the control group before and after the experiment,in the change of each index,the experimental group showed no significant difference in each index of the maximum strength,while the maximum strength indexes of the control group were significantly improved.In the experiment group,the other indexes did not show significant difference in the special fast force except for the shot put,and the specific fast strength index of the control group improved significantly.The experimental group showed significant improvement in each index of the specific reaction force,while the control group did not show significant changes.In terms of specific performance,there was no significant change in the experimental group and the control group before and after the experiment.(2)the emphasis of the functional strength training is different from the traditional strength training.The traditional strength training is more inclined to train the strength of the big muscles of the athletes,so it has great influence on the special strength and the special fast strength;the functional strength training pays more attention to the ability of the athletes' sports chain,stability and integrity.This has great influence on the specific reaction force.(3)both the functional strength training and the traditional strength training have their own undisplace.Therefore,in order to improve the special performance of the long jumpers,the two must be combined.