Research On The Current Situation And Countermeasures Of Teachers' Job Burnout In Secondary Vocational School

Secondary vocational education is a vocational education carried out at the advanced stage of middle education,which plays a very important role in cultivating technical talents and transforming economic structure in the country,and developing secondary vocational education is one of the key tasks in the development of “Thirteen-Five” of national educational undertakings.Secondary vocational education trains applied and skilled talents for the society,which is conducive to promoting the development of society and the advancement of occupation.Secondary vocational teachers are the backbone of the development of secondary vocational education,shouldering the dual mission of reform and innovation,but because of personal,school and social reasons,parts of secondary vocational teachers in the work of lower enthusiasm,there is a problem of job burnout.As a secondary vocational teacher,the author feels that the job burnout of secondary vocational teachers has become a social phenomenon,which has caused a great negative impact on teachers and students,and has become one of the bottlenecks that plague the development of secondary vocational schools.How to alleviate the job burnout of secondary vocational teachers should arouse the concern and attention of all circles.Since American psychologist Freudenberger first proposed the concept of job burnout in 1974,the problem of job burnout has been widely valued by scholars in various fields at home and abroad.At present,it is the theory model and measurement tool of the job burnout of Maslach poetry,Maslach job burnout is the psychological syndrome caused by the individual's response to the continuous interpersonal stress source in the work,which is composed of three dimensions of emotional exhaustion,depersonalization and lock of personal accomplishment.This study first reviewed a large number of domestic and foreign literature related to job burnout or teachers' job burnout,and studied and combed the theoretical model of job burnout,the measurement tool of job burnout,the theoryand empirical research of teachers' job burnout.Then,using Maslach's “Maslsch Burnout Inventory-Educators Survey(MBI-ES)” as scale A,at the same time,referring to many scholars' questionnaires on the causes of teachers' job burnout,based on the needs of three levels of ERG theory and the actual situation of three secondary vocational schools and teachers in Z district of Guangzhou,“a questionnaire on the causes of teachers' job burnout in Z district of Guangzhou”was compiled as scale B.A questionnaire survey was conducted among 115 secondary vocational teachers in this district.Through the analysis of the survey data,it is found that the overall status of job burnout in the three dimensions of job burnout of secondary vocational teachers in this district is as follows,(1)There is a mild job burnout problem in the dimension of emotional exhaustion and lock of personal accomplishment in the overall average score of secondary vocational teachers in Z district of Guangzhou,and there is no problem of job burnout in the aspect of depersonalization.(2)The phenomenon of teachers' job burnout is widespread.16.5% of these teachers have more serious job burnout problems,75.6%of teachers have a certain degree of job burnout problem,only 7.8% of teachers basically do not exist job burnout.Then through the demographic characteristics,family situation and work background variables to analyze the difference of job burnout of secondary vocational teachers,it is further found that there is no significant difference in different sex and marital status between the secondary vocational teachers in this district,but there are significant differences in different ages,educational background,children's situation,job titles,teaching positions and taught courses.The main manifestations are as:(1)The problem of lock of personal accomplishment of secondary vocational teachers aged in 31~40 is more serious;(2)The degree of depersonalization of secondary vocational teachers graduated from graduate education is higher than that of teachers graduated from undergraduate education;(3)The degree of emotional exhaustion and lock of personal accomplishment of secondary vocational teachers who have bred two children is higher;(4)The degree of emotional exhaustion and lock of personal accomplishment of secondary vocational teachers in senior titles is lower than that of intermediate and junior teachers;(5)The secondary vocational teacher of the head teacher has a higher total score of emotional exhaustion and job burnout,and the degree of job burnout is significantly higher than that of other teachers.Based on the results of questionnaire collation and interviews with 10 teachers,this paper analyzes the causes of job burnout of secondary vocational teachers in this district from three dimensions of job burnout,that is,emotionalexhaustion,depersonalization and lock of personal accomplishment,respectively,on the basis of three levels of ERG theory.Based on ERG theory,this paper analyzes the cause of job burnout of secondary vocational teachers in Z district of Guangzhou,one is the emotional exhaustion caused by the lack of existence needs,mainly manifested as economic pressure,high working intensity,insufficient humanization of management system,teachers ' working state and physical and mental health do not get effective attention.Second,relatedness needs to maintain the obstruction of the generation of depersonalization,mainly manifested in the students do not respect teachers,difficult to reconcile family responsibilities,social status is not recognized.Third,the growth needs to be not satisfied with the emergence of lock of personal accomplishment,mainly manifested in the single work content of teachers,narrow promotion channels,teachers self-promotion is difficult to achieve.Finally,through the analysis of the causes of job burnout of secondary vocational teachers,based on the objective description and reasonable attribution of various problems,this paper puts forward reasonable and effective suggestions for the job burnout of secondary vocational teachers in this district on the basis of the needs of three levels of ERG theory.First,to enhance the existence needs to meet,mainly to improve the performance appraisal system,optimize the management system,take the initiative to care about the work status and psychological dynamics of secondary vocational teachers,teachers to enhance their own understanding and so on.Second,to enhance relatedness needs to meet,mainly for social recognition,school care,peer mutual assistance and other aspects.Third,to enhance growth needs to meet,mainly to increase the investment of secondary vocational education,strengthen the training and exchange of secondary vocational teachers,multi-channel to meet the needs of teachers personalized development,teachers to enhance their awareness of self-development and so on.It is expected that these countermeasures can effectively alleviate the job burnout of secondary vocational teachers in this district,improve the quality of education and teaching of secondary vocational teachers,and promote the healthy development of secondary vocational education in this district.