Evaluation And Optimization Of Resource Allocation Efficiency Of Preschool Education In China

The problem of “difficulty in entering the kindergarden” was effectively alleviated since the 18 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China.In order to further alleviate the "difficult" and "expensive" problems and solve the worries that plague the people,nurturing young people was regarded as the first of the seven livelihood issues by the Nineteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China(CPC).Both studying the efficiency of resource allocations in pre-school education in various provinces and cities and rationally adjusting the structure of investment in educational resources will contribute to pre-school education in China ranging from "maintaining basic and wide coverage" to providing better quality of education.Furthermore,it will reassure millions of families that the fair opportunities to receiving education and the rights to quality education are guaranteed for every student.We investigate the efficiency of resource allocation in preschool education,guide the optimal allocations of educational resources,and use redundant educational resources and weak links to make up for the scarcity of social resources to a certain extent.The research provides a new way to optimize the allocation structure of educational resources from the perspective of efficiency.What's more,we put forward targeted policy recommendations,which is strong practicality and practical significance.The research has constructed the input-output index system of resource allocation efficiency of pre-school education by means of the document research method,statistical research method and other analytical methods.The authoritative data of relevant indicators are collected from the China Education Statistical Yearbook and China Education Funds Statistical Yearbook.The Bootstrap-DEA and inverse DEA models by MATLAB software programming were employed to estimate the overall technical efficiency,pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of preschool education resource allocations in 31 provinces(municipalities and autonomous regions)from 2014 to 2016,which then was used to make projection analysis and evaluate the efficiency of preschool education resource allocations.What's more,the inverse DEA model is evaluated to reverse the education resources based on it.Finally,the suggest countermeasures are proposed based on the research conclusions.The focus of this study is to use the Bootstrap-DEA method to evaluate the efficiency of resource allocations of preschool education in 31 provinces of China.The difficulty is how to optimize the resource allocation structure to find the optimal solution of input and output based on the efficiency evaluation by the inverse DEA model to set the established efficiency parameters of the provinces where the efficiency of resource allocations is relatively low.The results were showed as follows:(1)The improved Bootstrap-DEA model is more reliable than the traditional DEA model.The overall technical efficiency of resource allocation of pre-school education in China has increased steadily in 2014-2016,and the combination of input factors in educational resources has become reasonable.However,the gap in the efficiency of allocation of educational resources between regions with higher technical efficiency and those with lower efficiency is still large.(2)The Spearman's rho and Kendall's tau correlation coefficient of overall technical efficiency and the pure technical efficiency is as high as 0.958 and 0.841 in 2016,which is higher than the correlation coefficient between the overall technical efficiency and the scale efficiency of 0.325 and 0.380.The management level is the main reason for the decrease in the overall efficiency value of some provinces and cities.(3)There is a certain degree of input redundancy and insufficient output in all provinces(municipalities and autonomous regions).The economically developed regions are mainly represented by redundant resource inputs,such as Beijing and Shanghai,in which the most prominent is of redundancy of financial resources.The underdeveloped areas,such as Sichuan,Yunnan,Guizhou,Tibet,Gansu,and Qinghai,are mainly characterized by insufficient output of preschool education in kindergartens and primary school enrollments.(4)According to the results of the inverse DEA model,it is necessary to improve the efficiency of resource allocation in preschool education and optimize the allocation of resources in the nine provinces,such as Beijing,Shanghai,Jiangsu,Inner Mongolia,Tibet,and Ningxia.The most urgent need is to reduce the average expenditure per student and increase the number of teachers and optimize the structure of teachers.In order to improve the efficiency of pre-school education resource allocation and rational allocation of educational resources,research put forward four related countermeasures and suggestions: coordinating the regional structure of pre-school education funding;to achieve a targeted goal;strengthening supervisions functions of the government in each province/city to improve resource management level;adjusting the input structure to make overall use of existing educational resources;and innovating the development model of preschool education to monitor the quality of running schools.The new idea of this research is to combine the inverse DEA model with efficiency evaluation for the first time,which provides a new method and perspective for the optimal allocation of resources.One shortcoming of the research is that regional differences between urban and rural areas in China was not analyzed,which showed a lack of certain depth.The other one is that the data of each regin in a single province can not be obtained.