Study On Two-child Fertility Intention Of Rural Families Under Universal Two-child Policy

Since the "universal two-child" policy implement in China,the two-child fertility intention has always been a topic of concern.Two-child fertility intention mainly refers to the desire expressed by couples of childbearing age to have a second child,which includes not only whether they want to have a second child,but also the gender and time desire to have a second child.At present,scholars' research on the two-child fertility intention in China is mainly concentrated in the developed cities,but there is little research on the underdeveloped rural areas.Especially after the implementation of the "universal two-child" policy,the rural areas,as an area occupying nearly one-half of the existing population in China,whose contribution can not be ignored to the twochild birth.Therefore,After investigating K County in Liaoning Province,the author selected five villages suitable for investigation,aiming at analyzing the fertility desire of the couples of childbearing age and related factors in the rural areas.In this survey,245 questionnaires were distributed,236 questionnaires were recovered effectively and 9 participants were interviewed.The main contents of this paper include the following three parts: Firstly,under the background of “universal two-child” policy,we make statistics on the two-child fertility intentions of the couples of childbearing age in the rural families,including the willingness to have the second children,the willing gender to the second children,and the willing time to the second children.Secondly,this paper explores the intrinsic causes of the two-child fertility intention of the couples of childbearing age in the rural families,and makes specific analysis on the reasons of male and female's willingness and unwillingness to fertility respectively.Thirdly,this paper uses the binary logistic regression model to analyze the impact of various factors on the willingness to have the second child,the willing gender to the second child and the willing time to the second child in the rural families.The survey results show that under the background of the universal two-child policy,the twochild fertility intention of the rural families is not strong.Overall,women's fertility desire is slightly higher than men's,while men are more inclined to have boys than women.As for the reasons for the desire to have two children,females are more concerned about their children,while males are more concerned about their actual needs.As for the reasons for the unwillingness to have the second child,whether male or female,the primary consideration is economic factors.Regarding the related factors affecting the two-child fertility intention,logistic regression analysis shows that "age","education","occupation","current situation of children","parents' physical condition"," living situation with parents " and "family economic condition" are significantly related to the two-child fertility intention.The four factors of "gender","current situation of children","educational background" and "family economic status" have significant influence on willingness gender to the second child.Only "age" was significantly correlated with the willingness time to the second child.Finally,the author puts forward some suggestions for the above research results: Firstly,we should intensify policy publicity and improve the relevant benefit system;Secondly,we should promote rural economic development and relieve the pressure of villagers' reproduction;Thirdly,we should strengthen education and publicity to guide villagers to establish a modern concept of fertility;Fourthly,we should improve the rural medical service system and strengthen the construction of medical staff;Fifth,we should increase the supply of public resources and strengthen the infrastructure construction.It is hoped that it can provide some reference for better implementation of the universal two-child policy in the rural areas.