Study On Young Elderly's Labor Participation And Its Influence Factors In China

According to the international standards on ageing,China has entered the stage of population ageing since 1999,and has the characteristics of large population and fast ageing speed,and the degree of ageing in China will still increase in future.In this context,the discussion on improving the labor participation of the young elderly has gradually increased,because the labor participation of the young elderly is an important means to increase the labor supply in order to cope with the aging of the population.However,with the improvement of the health and education level of the young elderly in China,their willingness to participate in labor is declining.The improvement of the health and education level means that the ability of the young elderly to work is improved.Under the background of insufficient labor supply,why are these groups unwilling to continue working? What are the factors that prevent them from continuing to work? What policies do they need to support their labor participation? This is the question to be answered in this paper.Based on the baseline survey data of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Research(CHARLS)database in 2015,this paper uses ivprobit regression method to study the influencing factors of labor participation of the young elderly in China,and puts forward some policy suggestions to promote labor participation of the young elderly in China.The results of this study show that the willingness of the young elderly to participate in labor is not high.On the one hand,it is related to the personal and family characteristics of young elderly;on the other hand,it is related to the institutional flaws of the labor participation security system and the weak social support of the young elderly in China.There are four forms of labor participation of the young elderly: employed,unpaid family business,self-employed,and household agricultural work.Firstly,this paper uses four forms of labor participation as dependent variables.Regression analysis shows that the better the health condition of the young elderly,the stronger their willingness to participate in labor;the older the young elderly is,the weaker their willingness to participate in labor is,and following analysis shows that it's steady in samples divided by age,gender and the type of labor participation;the better the economic condition of the children of the young elderly,the lower their willingness to participate in labor.There are obvious gender differences in China's retirement system,so we should further study the influencing factors of the labor participation of the younger elderly by gender.Regression analysis shows that the better the health condition,the stronger the willingness of male and female young elder to participate in labor;the older young elder is,the weaker the willingness of male and female young elder to participate in labor is;the more financial assets there is,the stronger willingness of male young elder to participate in labor,the weaker the willingness of female young elder to participate in labor;the better the economic condition of children,the better the willingness of male and female young elder to participate in labor;The younger the older the female,the weaker their willingness to participate in the work.Age-specific sample regression showed that,in the 60-65 age group the willingness to participate in labor of the young elderly was not significantly affected by age;the willingness of the male young elderly was higher than that of the female young elder;the better the health condition of the young elderly,the stronger their willingness to participate in labor;the better the economic condition of the children of the young elderly,the weaker the willingness to participate in labor.And in the aged 66-70,the better the health condition of the young elderly,the stronger the willingness to participate in labor the young elderly;the older the young elderly is,the weaker their willingness to participate in labor is;the willingness of male young elder to participate in labor is stronger than that of female young elder;the willingness to participate in labor of the young elderly with junior high school education or above is stronger than those without high school education or above;the more financial assets of the younger elderly,the stronger their willingness to participate in labor.In employment participation,the younger elderly need to build personal and property relationship with the unit,which is obviously different from the other three forms of labor participation.Therefore,this paper further uses “employed” as a dependent variable to test its influencing factors.The study found that the better the health condition of the young elderly,the stronger their willingness to work;the older the young elderly is,the weaker their willingness to work is;the willingness of the male young elderly to work is higher than that of the female younger elderly;the more the financial assets of the younger elderly,the stronger their willingness to work;the better the economic condition of the children of the younger elderly,the willingness to work.Based on the above analysis,this paper puts forward some policy suggestions to promote the labor participation of the younger elderly in China.This paper argues that in order to promote the labor participation of the younger elderly in China,we should establish the employment system for the elderly,improve the health care system for the elderly,and strengthen the construction of social organizations for the elderly.