The Influence Of Advanced Industrial Structure On The "Polarization" Of Employment Structure

With the implementation of reform and opening-up in 1978,China's economic construction has been changing with each passing day.The industrial structure has been transformed from primary industry to secondary and tertiary industry.In 2012,the industrial structure model of "three,two and one" dominated by tertiary industry has been adjusted.By2015,the contribution rate of tertiary industry to GDP has reached 50.9%,and it is on the rise year by year.At the same time,factors and resources are generated from labor.The industrial sectors with lower productivity are shifting to those with higher labor productivity,and gradually get rid of the situation of "virtual heightening" of the domestic industrial structure.Based on this,this paper argues that the high polarization of industrial structure includes two aspects:(1)structural change,i.e.the measurement of different industrial shares and proportions;(2)efficiency improvement,i.e.technological progress and productivity improvement.It is the essential requirement for the upgrading of industrial structure in our country to achieve the improvement of "structural benefit" through "structural change" and "efficiency improvement" of the comprehensive industrial structure.At the same time,China's labor market "polarization" phenomenon is more obvious,that is,compared with the medium-skilled labor force,the low-skilled and high-skilled labor force occupies a higher market share,and the employment structure shows "U" type characteristics.At present,China is in a critical period of industrial restructuring.How to smoothly achieve the goal of steady growth and employment promotion in the period of restructuring is an important topic discussed by domestic theoretical and practical circles.Therefore,this paper synthesizes the two aspects of "structural change" and "efficiency improvement" to study the impact of industrial structure upgrading on employment structure "polarization",and explore its internal mechanism,so as to make marginal contribution to the realization of the employment goal of optimizing industrial structure and promoting labor force of different educational levels in China.This paper uses qualitative and quantitative methods,using panel data from 1996 to 2015,to examine the impact of industrial structure upgrading on employment structure polarization,and draws the following conclusions:First,nationwide,the upgrading of industrial structure with higher degree of development helps to increase the demand for high-skilled labor,while reducing the demand for low-skilled labor.Secondly,from the analysis of the regional differences between the East and the west,the eastern region has a higher level of economic development,a higher degree of advanced industrial structure development,absorbs high-skilled labor force,reduces the demand for low-skilled labor force,and forms an employment structure dominated by high-skilled labor force;the central region undertakes industrial transfer,and the degree of advanced industrial structure is general,which helps to increase low-skilled and high-skilled labor force at the same time.The demand for skilled labor and the upgrading of industrial structure have a significant impact on the polarization of employment structure.The resource conditions of the western region are limited,the policy of the great development of the western region has not established a long-term mechanism,the degree of industrial structure advanced development is low,and the impact on different skilled labor force is weak.According to the research results of this paper,the following policy suggestions are put forward: firstly,to continue to promote the process of industrial structure upgrading and optimize the talent structure of the labor market in China;secondly,to adjust the industrial structure,it is necessary to adapt to local conditions and put forward a reasonable industrial structure model based on the current situation of the regional labor market.