| The college entrance examination plays an important role in the middle school education.Therefore,the domestic research on the test questions of the college entrance examination attaches great importance.With the continuous advancement of the geography curriculum reform and the implementation of the new curriculum standards,there emerges more diverse perspectives of research on the geography college entrance examination,and the time span is different.Geography process is one of the core contents of geography science.It plays an important role in both basic education and college entrance examination.However,there is little statistical research on geography process test.By using the methods of literature,statistical analysis and case analysis,this paper takes the geographic process test questions in2016-2019 national college entrance examination volumes I,II and III as the research object,selecting 81 geographic process test questions,making statistical analysis on the test forms,test contents,ability types,and test questions reflecting geographical core literacy.Combined with typical test questions,the thinking method of solving geographic process test questions is explored.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)The form of questions:(1)The number of multiple-choice questions of geographical process questions is more than that of non-multiple-choice questions,and the number of two types of questions in each set of questions in each year is not stable and the distribution is uneven.(2)The proportion of the score of the geography process questions is large,showing the trend of fluctuation.From the average value of 12 examination papers in 4 years,the proportion of multiple-choice questions and nonmultiple-choice questions is about one third.(3)There are various forms of examination questions,focusing on supplementary inference and cause analysis.The proportion of the two types of examination questions reaches 79%,which highlights the characteristics of geographical process.(4)Most of the background materials are domestic materials,but more global materials may appear in the future.The background materials are mainly composed of pictures and texts,in which the students' ability of reading pictures and spatial thinking is emphasized.(5)The situation of the test questions is connected with the real life experience and pays attention to the exploration of geography science.It shows that the geography process questions of college entrance examination not only pay attention to social problems and the ability of students to solve practical problems,but also improve students' scientific thinking and academic awareness.(2)The content of examination questions:(1)Geography process questions focus on the process of geographic evolution,accounting for 67%,less on the process of geographic diffusion and geographical circulation,and lack of the process of geographic volatility change.Therefore,increasing the proportion of geographic diffusion process,geographic circulation process and geographic volatility change process can make the content structure more scientific and reasonable.(2)The examination questions focus on the content of the physical geography part,and the proportion of the content of the human geography and the regional geography part is not high.(3)There are many kinds of geographical processes involved in the test questions,focusing on the examination of the main knowledge(water cycle,internal and external forces shaping the surface form,atmospheric movement,industrial location,etc.).(3)Ability Examination of test questions: 61% of the test questions highlight the ability to mobilize and use geographical knowledge and skills;the ability to describe and explain geographical phenomenon is more than the ability to demonstrate and explore geographical problems in non-multiple-choice questions,accounting for 32% and 6% respectively;only1% of the test questions need students to acquire and interpret geographical information.The statistical results are more in line with the level requirements of students' abilities and the requirements of geography process for students' necessary abilities.(4)The test questions reflect the core quality of Geography: For the four core qualities of geography reflected in the geographical process test questions,the test questions highlight the comprehensive thinking,accounting for 89%;the test questions can better reflect the concept of human-land coordination and regional cognition,accounting for 59% and 51%respectively;the test questions reflect less geographical practice,accounting for only 6%.It shows that the comprehensive thinking is an important geographical literacy for the study and application of geographical process,and the requirements for the comprehensive thinking literacy of students are higher for the geographical process test questions.However,limitedby the content,materials and examination environment of geographical process test questions,the reflection of geographical practice is less.(5)Thinking method of solving questions: For the exploration of thinking method of solving questions of geographical process questions,through the case analysis of typical geographical process questions,four thinking methods of solving questions are explored.It includes the factor analysis method of deducing the whole change process of geographical process by the change of each factor,the link analysis method of deducing the whole change process of geographical process by the change of each link,the forward thinking method of deducing the geographical process by the cause and effect of the development of geographical things or phenomena over time,and the reverse thinking method of deducing the geographical process by the retroactive reason of the development of physical objects or phenomena The thinking method of solving the similar questions.Finally,according to the conclusion,the paper puts forward some suggestions on the test system and teaching strategies in the process of geography teaching in senior high school. |
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