Research On The Reasons For Male Social Workers' Retention From The Perspective Of Gender Roles

The Sixth Plenary Session of the 16 th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China decided on a major decision to "build a large contingent of social work professionals." The 17 th National Congress of the Party once again put forward "emphasis on the construction and management of social organizations." In 2020,the Ministry of Civil Affairs issued the "Notice on Adjusting and Optimizing Relevant Regulatory Measures to Support the National Social Organizations to Effectively Respond to the Stable and Healthy Operation of the Epidemic Situation",to "increase financial support and integrate social work into the central government's financial support to carry out the establishment of a comprehensive social support network Waiting for the scope of social services ",we can see that the government has made continuous efforts to create an environment for the development of social work.In2019,the number of applicants for the National Social Worker Professional Level Examination was as high as 553,700,an increase of about 30% over the previous year.There were 6,700 people applying for the first national senior social worker exam,and 40,000 social work graduates were trained in nearly 500 colleges and universities each year These data indicate that China's social workforce is steadily advancing.However,in the course of studying undergraduate and postgraduate courses in social work,when I participated in professional practice and research in the social work industry,I found that there are currently fewer male social workers remaining in social work institutions,and there is a high turnover rate and men and women in institutions.Problems such as unbalanced proportions.Because the author's curiosity decided to start from the perspective of gender roles,understand the current working status of male social workers and the difficulties experienced by their career history,explore the reasons they chose to stay and their future career plans.Through in-depth interviews with male social workers,the author found that fewer men are engaged in social work.In the field of social work occupations,male social workers face three major difficulties: one is the personal and family level,including role adaptation difficulties,high work pressure,lack of professional supervision and family intervention in their social work.The second is the workplace level,including the low awareness of male social workers,the pressure of gender coexistence,and the boundaries of gender generation.The third is the institutional level,including low salary,poor benefits,small career development space,narrow promotion channels,and imperfect management of social work institution systems.However,these difficulties did not make them give up the job.Through interviews,it was found that the main reasons for choosing to stay in the job were to identify with the social work occupation and the organization,adjust the mentality,enhance self-efficacy,satisfaction and accomplishment at work,and have feelings,Interested in social work,meaningful in industry,promising for development and good working environment.As an important force in the social work industry,the occupational confusion and professional pressure of male social workers will directly affect the development of social work practice and the overall development of the social work industry.Therefore,in order to retain male social worker talents,it is necessary to solve the male social worker career dilemma.Based on the current development of social work professionalization at home and abroad,the author believes that the government needs to improve the social work industry system,pay attention to male social work talents and enhance publicity to increase social worker visibility;Social work organizations should improve their hematopoietic capacity,strengthen organizational construction,improve the working environment and increase the focus on male social workers,and deal with the confusion in time.Male social workers should also improve their professional skills and work hard to solve the problems of male social workers' shortage and high turnover rate,so that the social work industry will develop in a better direction.