Research On The Reform Of British Undergraduate Funding Policy:2010-2020

Britain has enjoyed the history of more than 800 years in the development of higher education,which has undergone the transformation from elite to massification then popularization.Driven by the idea of promoting fairness in taking higher education and expanding its participation rate,the financial support of British undergraduate started at the time when Medieval university developed the custom of"charitable" donation that was originally designed to serve the church and for praying.Before the 19th century,the churches and philanthropists donated to build the first batch of British higher education institutions which provided studying places for poor students.The initial concept "undergraduate financial support" was born under the situation.In the late 19th century,the British Parliament allocated fundings to all the higher education institutions,marking the beginning of the higher educational financial support from British Government.In 1960,the "Student Funding Report"submitted by the Anderson Committee,which specializes in undergraduate funding issues and was originally regulated in the form of policies and laws.From the implementation of the "free of charge plus scholarship" funding system in early 20th century,till the Brownie Report stipulated a new funding system in 2010,the British higher education produced an unique regularization and summary,and completed the leap from "free of charge" to "fee charging plus student loan".It reflects the characteristics of diversified funding models,legalization of funding policies,and sound loan recovery mechanisms,promoting the British undergraduate funding cause to further democratic,scientific and legally.In January 2013,the former British Prime Minister Cameron first proposed Brexit.On June 23,2016,the United Kingdom launched a referendum on Brexit and received the support of nearly half of the citizens.In March 2017,the House of Commons officially approved the Brexit bill,which launched a three-year Brexit process in the same month.On January 31,2020,the United Kingdom officially left the European Union with a support rate of 51.9%.The 8-year Brexit process has become a perspective window for observing the progress of Western higher education,economic globalization and regional integration.It has brought new opportunities and challenges to the funding of British college students,but to a certain extent,It also provides new samples and options for the development of higher education in various countries around the world.The article adopts the method of literature,historical,and comparative research,then selects the British undergraduate financial support policy reform in recent 10 years as the research object,combined with the historical background of Brexit,in order to explore the reform trend of UK undergraduate funding policy based on the development opportunities,content and its characteristics.I hope it can serve as a mirror for the improvement and development of Chinese undergraduate financial support policy.The article is divided into the following four sections:The Part One mainly discusses the British undergraduate funding policy's changing process from "free of charge plus grant" to "grants plus student loan",which is in terms of the historical development in British higher education,combined with its social change,so as to truly reflected on the structure of higher education;The Part Two focus on describing the internal contradictions arising from the Brexit policy for the UK undergraduate funding policy for 2010-2020 and its huge impact on British higher education,then comments on the underlying reasons behind the Brexit decision.The Part Three is sort out and summarize the main features of the British undergraduate funding policy,and how it would be reformed in the face of the Brexit and "New Crown Virus Epidemic" double blows;The Part Four,Discussing the Enlightenment from the British undergraduate financial support experience combined with the current development of Chinese higher education,as well as the legalization of funding policy and the modernization of educational governance concepts,further promotes the opportunity fairness of Chinese higher education.