| Scientific physical exercise has become one of the important measures to improve the quality of life of the elderly,which is related to the individual health level of the elderly and the important factor of social active aging.The purpose of this study is to explore the characteristics and influencing factors of physical exercise for the elderly in Enshi City,so as to provide a basis for the formulation of targeted optimization strategies,with a view to providing reference and guidance for the future development of physical education for the elderly in Enshi City,which is of great theoretical and practical significance to improve the individual health level of the elderly in Enshi City and promote healthy aging.The research uses the literature method,questionnaire survey method and other research methods to analyze the physical exercise characteristics and influencing factors of the elderly in Enshi City,and gets the following research conclusions:(1)Enshi City elderly physical exercise more women than men,the participation rate of the younger elderly is higher,the overall characteristics of academic qualifications reflect the phenomenon of two low middle high,more than half of the elderly in sub-health state,and the awareness of physical exercise is good medicine is still low.(2)The values of the elderly in Enshi City show the differentiation phenomenon,the sports values and exercise motivation are inconsistent,and have broad recognition for the important position of physical exercise,but the cognition and scope of the function of physical exercise are shallow.The elderly with low education are more passive and healthy,and the higher the level of education,the stronger the awareness of active health.The desire of the elderly for physical exercise is mainly the need for scientific physical exercise knowledge,sports guidance services and facilities services.(3)Enshi City sports culture is a culture of ethnic integration,the choice of physical exercise projects has rich,ethnic characteristics.However,in general,the elderly on the ethnic project selection is low,the generalization of ethnic sports still need to be further excavated.The places where the elderly participate in physical exercise are mainly near and free.Exercise partner's choice has the "geographical" characteristic,the dependence on the community is greater.Most of the elderly physical exercise reached moderate intensity,some of the elderly exercise time,frequency and intensity of the choice is not scientific.And the frequency,time and intensity of physical exercise in the elderly are significantly related to their educational level,economic income and professional status.The organization degree of physical exercise of the elderly is low,and the form of physical exercise is mainly spontaneous and empirical exercise.Physical exercise lacks professional guidance,exercise skills are low,and the old people have a low level of knowledge about scientific exercise.(4)The elderly after physical exercise brought about by the physical,psychological,social interaction in the benefit of the feeling of a certain gap,some of the elderly in the process of physical exercise did not get a good effect of physical exercise.(5)The factors affecting physical exercise for the elderly in Enshi City are the factors of sports service facilities,sports organization factors,individual factors,interpersonal factors,policy factors and weather factors.There are six main optimization strategies for physical exercise for the elderly in Enshi City:First,to enhance the construction of sports service facilities and enhance the scientific nature of physical exercise;Second,to improve the health literacy of the elderly themselves and reduce the influence of individual factors;Third,to cultivate the participation ability of social sports organizations and improve the degree of organization of physical exercise;Fourth,to rebuild the individual social support network,break through the interpersonal restrictions of physical exercise for the elderly;Fifth,to clarify the government's own responsibilities and implement the policies and regulations into practice;Sixth,We will promote the development of Enshi ethnic sports. |
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