Evolution And Teaching Enlightenment Of Geography Curriculum Standards In Senior High Schools In China Since Reform And Opening-up

The curriculum standard is the programmatic document of the curriculum.The geography curriculum standard is an important branch of the curriculum standard.It has important significance in geography curriculum teaching and examination proposition.Through the comparison of different versions of geography curriculum standards and the division of development stages,this paper reviews the evolution of geography curriculum standards,which can better understand the curriculum standards and guide the practice of geography teaching in middle schools.This paper firstly introduces different versions of high school geography curriculum standards since the Reform and Opening Up,and then compares and analyzes different versions of geography curriculum standards from the overall framework,curriculum structure,objectives,and compulsory course content.Thirdly,based on comparison and analysis,the geographical curriculum standards are divided into five stages: basic recovery,experimental exploration,reform and development,reform and innovation,and deepening of reform.The development characteristics of each stage are explored,and the overall evolution of geography curriculum standards is summarized.Finally,according to the overall evolution trend of the geography curriculum standards and the development characteristics of the latest stage,the enlightenment on the geography teaching methods,teaching objectives and teaching contents of middle school is obtained.The study has the following conclusions:First,the overall content of the high school geography curriculum standards has been developed and deepened since the Reform and Opening Up.The logical,systematic,and hierarchical enhancement of the constituent elements.The curriculum structure,curriculum objectives,and curriculum content are still important components;The curriculum structure tends to be perfect and reasonable,the content is more abundant,the compulsory courses are reduced,the elective courses are increased,and the students' self-selectivity is enhanced;The goal of the course has gone through the transition from “knowledge-based” to “capacity” to “scientific”,from “basic knowledge and basic skills education” to “three-dimensional goals” to “core literacy”;The core elements in the content of compulsory course are unchanged,the difficulty of the course is reduced,the theme education is more prominent,the expression is more operational,and the level of cognition is gradually rising.Second,different stages of development have different characteristics.The main content of the geography curriculum standard in the basic recovery phase has not changed much compared to before.The goal of geography curriculum in the stage of practical exploration gradually shifts from basic knowledge requirements to capacity training requirements.The geography curriculum goal of the reform and development stage expands the scope of capacity development.The curriculum of the geography curriculum standard in the stage of reform and innovation is enriched and improved.The geography curriculum standards in the deepening stage of reform focused on refinement and stratification,and the course goal has been sublimated.Thirdly,the evolution and stage characteristics of geography curriculum standards have certain implications for geography teaching in middle schools:(1)In the teaching objectives,fully understanding the connotation of the course objectives has become a top priority,and the development of the core cultural literacy necessary for middle school students has become an important goal;(2)In the content of teaching,it is inevitable to reduce the difficulty of teaching geography compulsory courses,and it is imperative to strengthen education on the subject of ocean and national security;(3)In terms of teaching methods,diversified teaching methods have become the development trend of teaching,and the development and integration of geography teaching resources has become a new trend.