Research On Technological Innovation Efficiency And Its Influencing Factors Of Seed Enterprises

Seed industry is a basic and strategic industry in our country.The realization of agricultural modernization and the guarantee of national food security can not be separated from the development of seed industry.The development of modern seed industry is inseparable from the development of seed enterprises,and it is imperative to improve the technological innovation capability of seed enterprises and cultivate innovative modern seed enterprises with international competitiveness.Since the implementation of the Seed Law in 2000,China's seed industry market has been fully liberalized,and seed enterprises have grown and expanded.Seed companies have continuously increased their research investment and output.However,compared with large-scale transnational seed enterprises,the technology innovation level and market competitiveness of the seed enterprises in China are still far apart.To enhance the scientific and technological economic strength of seed enterprises,we must improve the efficiency of technological innovation.Understanding the present situation and the causes of the technological innovation efficiency of seed enterprises in China,and clarifying the influencing factors,will help government and enterprises take more effective measures to improve the technological innovation efficiency of seed enterprises.On the basis of combing the relevant theories of technological innovation efficiency and seed industry technological innovation,this paper establishes an index system for evaluating the technological innovation efficiency of seed enterprise,and evaluates and analyzes the technological innovation efficiency of 158 ministerial seed enterprises in China from 2013 to 2015 using the DEA-Malmquist index model.This paper compares the technological innovation of the breeding and promotion integration seed enterprises and the non-breeding and promotion integration seed enterprises.Then,using the Tobit model on the basis of the technical efficiency value measured by DEA,this paper discusses the influencing factors of the seed enterprise's technological innovation efficiency from seed enterprise and government two aspects.Finally,the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are proposed.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1)From 2013 to 2015,seed enterprises have increasingly attached importance to technological innovation as a whole,and R&D investment and output have continuously increased,but the company's self-produced seed sales have shown a downward trend.In addition,the R&D investment and output of different seed enterprises are quite different and are polarized.(2)From 2013 to 2015,the average level of technical efficiency of seed enterprise technology innovation has been continuously improved,but it is still less than half of the maximum efficiency value,which can increase the room for improvement.The low pure technical efficiency is the main reason for the low technical efficiency of the seed enterprise technological innovation,and the returns of the scale of technological innovation of seed enterprises with more than 70% are decreasing.(3)The total factor productivity of the seed enterprise technological innovation fell overall during 2013-2015.The improvement of the scale efficiency of the technological innovation of the seed enterprise is the main reason for the improvement of its technical efficiency,and the improvement of the technical efficiency is the main reason for the improvement of its total factor productivity.However,the improvement of technical efficiency is not sufficient to offset the unfavorable factors brought about by the lack of technological progress,leading to a decline in total factor productivity.(4)During 2013-2015,regardless of whether it is R&D investment or output,the average level of enterprises in the breeding and promotion integration seed enterprises is much higher than that of the non-breeding and promotion integration seed enterprises;the technological innovation technological efficiency of the breeding and promotion integration seed enterprises is higher than that of non-breeding and promotion integration enterprises,and the pure technical efficiency of the breeding and promotion integration enterprises is much higher than that of non-breeding and promotion integration enterprises.But the scale of non-breeding and promotion integration enterprises is better than that of breeding and promotion integration seed enterprises.(5)The scale of enterprises and the development of import and export trade have a significant role in promoting the technological innovation efficiency of seed enterprises;the education level of employees can positively affect the technological innovation efficiency of seed enterprises;research funding intensity,nature of ownership and government input have no significant effect on the technological innovation efficiency of seed enterprises.