Study On The Correlation Between The Diversity Of Endophytic Fungi In Gynostemma Pentaphyllum And Gypenoside A

Research shows that endophytic fungi in the process of long-term coexistence can form a symbiotic relationship with the host.Some endophytic fungi can promote host plant to accumulate the same or similar active component,and some can strengthen host's stress resistance.The wild medicinal plant resources has been reduced in recent years,and endophytic fungi of medicinal plant as a special kind of microbial resources is expected to become the alternative medicinal resources.The relationship between endophytic fungi's diversity and active constituents can enhance the quality of medicinal plants,which can provides a new way for the resources shortage problem of drug,also can solve the problem of destroy of wild plant resources.Gynostemma pentaphyllum Makino is a well known edible and medicinal plant in oriental countries.It also has some vital biological activities including anti-oxidant,anti-tumor,reduction of blood glucose,protection of liver,anti-thrombus,anti-aging and other biological activity.The main effective components of Gynostemma gypenosides is polysaccharides,flavonoids and Gypenoside XLIX.In this paper,We study the diversity of endogeny eumycetes and the correlation with bioactive compound Gypenoside XLIX in Gynostemma.The results are as follows:In this paper,endophytic fungi was separated from medicinal plant Gynostemma pentaphyllum Makino.(1)Endophytic fungi from Xi'an Gynostemma pentaphyllum Makino(cultivation seven leaves and cultivation five leaves)and Sichuan Qingcheng Gynostemma pentaphyllum Makino(wild seven leaves and wild five leaves)were isolated by conventional microbiological method,which respectively isolated 28,25,58 and 26 strains.A total of 137 endophytic fungi strains were isolated from Gynostemma pentaphyllum Makino.Optimization of surface disinfection conditions showed that the roots,rhizomas and leaves dip in 75%ethanol for 3min,and then respectively arranged 5%solution of sodium hypochlorite soak 4min,2min and lmin.(2)137 endogeny fungus strains were isolated from the Gynostemma pentaphyllum Makino.They were identified belonging to 23 genera,10 families,7 orders and 2 classes by their morphology and microscopic characteristics.(23 genera respectively Fusarium,Chaetomium,Microascus,Aspergillus,Saccharomyces,Monilia,Penicillium,Cladosporium,Leptosphaeria,Systremma theiss,Didymaria Cda,Ceratocystis,Verticillium,Cercospora,Dendrophoma,Phoma,Trametes,Rhizoctonia,Allternaria,Cephalosporium,Pestalotiopsis,Cylindrocarpon,Haploangium and Ceralobasidium).7 strains were not identified.Fusarium,Microascus and Leptosphaeria were believed the dominant genera in wild seven leaves Gynostemma pentaphyllum Makino with the coverage of 28.1%?16%and 12%.Fusarium,Penicillium were believed the dominant genera in wild five leaves Gynostemma pentaphyllum Makino with the acount of 21.7%,26.1%;Fusarium,Leptosphaeria were believed the dominant genera in wild five leaves Gynostemma pentaphyllum Makino with the acount of 25.4%,13.6%;Fusarium,Penicillium were believed the dominant genera in wild five leaves Gynostemma pentaphyllum Makino with the acount of 21.7%,21.7%;(3)Endogeny eumycetes were diverse from Gynostemma pentaphyllum Makino.The proportion of distribution proportion of roots,stems and leaves in wild seven leaves and wild fivc leaves was 14:11:3 and 11:10:4,and in cultivation seven leaves and cultivation five leaves was 25:25:9 and 11:11:4.The Shannon-Weiner index of Cultivation seven leaves,cultivation five leaves,wild seven leaves and wild five leaves was 2.49,2.27,2.03 and 1.99.The Simpson index was 0.89,0.88,0.84 and 0.84,Evenness index was 0.88,0.95,0.88 and 0.91.(4)The Gypenoside XLIX content in the four Gynostemma pentaphyllum Makino was 12.19%,9.68%,11.01%and 9.46%.The content of Gypenoside XLIX in cultivation seven leaves was higher than that in the wild seven leaves,and the cultivation five leaves was also higher than the wild five leaves.The content of Gypenoside XLIX in seven leaves Gynostemma pentaphyllum Makino was higher than that in the five Gynostemma pentaphyllum Makino,and the cultivation Gynostemma pentaphyllum Makino was also higher than the wild Gynostemma pentaphyllum Makino.Gypenoside XLIX with Fusarium(r=0.986,P=0.014)and Cylindrocarpon(r=0.970,P=0.03)had a significant positive correlation;with Systremma(R=0.996,P=0.004)was positively correlated,and with penicillium(r=-0.972,P=0.008)was extremely significant negative correlation.(5)Results showed the differences of number,distribution,and composition from varieties of endophytic fungi in Gynostemma pentaphyllum Makino.Gynostemma pentaphyllum Makino from different habitats and species not only has similar microbial population but also has its specific microbial populations;Endophytic fungi of cultivated had richer diversity of the population than that of wild Gynostemma,and they all have their own unique population.The content of Gypenoside XLIX of Gynostemma pentaphyllum Makino in different habitats and species was diffirent,and in the cultivated was higher than that in the wild of same species.The content of Gypenoside XLIX and endophytic fungi in Gynostemma pentaphyllum were correlated.