Shanghai's Non-governmental Diplomacy With Japan Before The Normalization Of Sino-Japanese Diplomatic Relations

Both China and Japan faced the important task of economic reconstruction and the development of bilateral relations after the establishment of People Republic of China.However,the development of Sino-Japanese relations was strongly obstructed by the United States thanks to the bipolar structure of the United States and the Soviet Union.Japanese government adopted the"one-sided"foreign policy towards the United States and carried out the principle of "separation of politics and economics",refusing to develop official diplomacy with New China.Aiming at the very circumstance,civil people of insight in both countries took the lead in action of various civilian diplomacy,which started with economic and trade relations,adopted a gradual accumulation method of "promoting politics by economics","promoting officials by civilians,"and"officials and civilians simultaneously",Thus,major breakthroughs had been made in various fields such as the economy and culture,and eventually contributed to the development of official diplomacy between China and Japan.The civil diploma of the two countries during the period between the establishment of New China and the normalization of diplomatic relation between China and Japan has become an important chapter of the development of Sino-Japan friendship,and therefore,the research of Sino-Japanese non-governmental trade development during that period is significant to the current Sino-Japanese friendship.This article analyzes the complex factors and rough courses that influenced the Sino-Japan non-governmental diplomacy during the early New China by teasing the process in 1949-1972.We try to discuss the significant impact of technical exchanges and industrial exhibitions to the normalization of diplomatic relation between China and Japan by presenting the background,content and significance of the Shanghai Japan Industrial Exhibition in 1963,comparing the perceptions of the exhibition between China and Japan,interpreting the fruitful results achieved in this "technology exchange"and analyzing and summing up the positive influence of the industrial exhibition,and thus highlight that civil diplomacy is a special force that accelerates the official diplomatic relations of China and Japan.The current development of Sino-Japanese relations presents ups and downs.Both sides should remember the history,give full play to the positive role of non-governmental exchanges in the development of bilateral relations,attach importance to Sino-Japanese non-governmental diplomacy,actively seek common interests of both sides,build a benign relationship between the two parties,develop non-governmental diplomacy by various methods and means,and promote the Sino-Japanese relations by means of the development of non-governmental diplomacy.