Exploring And Researching The Division Of Powers In Urban Areas For The Removal Of Prefectures And Cities

Government power refers to the government's power to administer the economic and social affairs of the areas under its jurisdiction,including the formulation of policies,market management and supervision,social governance and public services.Reasonable division of powers is the basic condition for governments at all levels to improve their performance and improve the supply of public goods and services.In accordance with the requirements of the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity,it is clearly necessary to constantly adjust and rationally allocate the powers of governments at all levels and continuously promote the reform of government institutions.Over the years,the theoretical circles at home and abroad have done a lot of research on the division of powers between governments.The fiscal decentralization between central and local governments constitutes the core issue.In China,the rapid growth since the reform and opening up has actually formed a backward mechanism,especially since entering the new normal economic development,the governance of public affairs and the solution of a series of prominent social problems have also put forward new requirements for the division of grassroots government powers under the new situation,but also gave birth to a large number of related studies.The exploration and Research on the subject of the division of governmental powers will have a positive effect on the improvement of existing fiscal theory and better guide the practice,which has certain theoretical and practical significance:it is conducive to adapting to the current financial reform,ensuring the scientific supply of public goods,and improving the ability of governments at all levels to perform their functions.We should fully mobilize the initiative of the basic government and improve the level of urban management.In fact,since the reform of tax distribution system in 1994,the division of powers has gradually come into the view of scholars'research and exploration.The unreasonable division of powers has become a hot topic of scholars' research as a direct cause of many drawbacks in the government management system.Accordingto the research done by western scholars on the related issues,the basic theory involved in the division of powers is obviously the theory of public goods,and how to identify the preferences of social members,how to achieve effective supply for different levels of public goods,and the externalities produced in the process of the supply of public goods,etc.,are the same.In China,the relevant research absorbs and draws lessons from the basic theories of western public goods,and combines the actual situation of our country to study the division of powers in the supply of public goods,mainly involving the basic principles and the matching between powers and financial powers and so on.Since the 1990s,on the basis of the practice of tax-sharing reform,domestic scholars have entered a brand-new period and stage in the study of the division of government powers.The relevant theoretical analysis framework has gradually expanded and evolved,but there is a lack of specific expenditure allocation,especially the division of powers.Clear guidance.Based on a large number of related studies,this paper chooses to divide the powers of the two levels of government into research topics,thus limiting the basic background of "withdrawing land to establish a city" and "urban power".At the same time,in order to further rationalize the issues studied,this paper chooses the western cities as the main research object,through the analysis of the problems existing in the division of powers between the two levels of government in the urban areas,as well as the countermeasures and suggestions to promote the rational division of powers,to enrich the study of the division of powers in the urban areas where the land is withdrawn.Combining with the author's actual work,this paper chooses Hami and Yizhou District of Xinjiang as typical cases,combs,displays and analyzes the current situation and problems of the division of municipal authority in the present stage,and puts forward corresponding policy recommendations.Specifically,this paper argues that the division of powers and the definition of management authority of the two levels of government in urban areas,except for a small part is directly set by the law(such as urban construction planning rights),most of them are based on the normative documents of the municipal government and its components.Usually,the links between the two levels of government in urban areas are very close,which is no exception in Hami and Yizhou,Xinjiang.At the same time,the overlap of functions and conflicts between the two levels of government are common.As far as the common problems existing in the aforementioned division of powers are concerned,the problems existing in Hami and Yizhou have both similarities and individualities.Among the various fields involved in infrastructure construction,urban management,transportation,finance and taxation,environmental protection and agriculture,a series of problems and their main reasons can be attributed to.It is divided into three aspects:imperfect legal system,insufficient division of powers and mutual mismatch.To this end,the current measures to improve the division of powers between the two levels of government in urban areas are mainly in two aspects:on the one hand,to rationally define the scope of powers of the urban government,on the other hand,to promote the division of powers to the mode of decentralization of the legal system.