Research On The Relationship Between Children's Self-care Ability And Parental Rearing Styles

Self-care ability is the individual's ability to deal with personal affairs in his daily life.The results show that self-care ability plays a basic role to children's lifetime development and affects the development of children's self-confidence,independence and adaptability.There are related reports about the research of the self-care ability for the patients and elderly in the field of medicine since the last century.However,this research is very limited in the educational circles,which is mainly to study about primary school children and children's self-care ability,especially children's self-care ability is lack of systematic research.Early childhood is a critical period for the development of various abilities.So we focus on studying at this stage,which can not only discover the nature and characteristics of children's self-care ability,but also provide a theoretical basis for the rational and effective training of children's self-care ability in the future.Many external factors can affect children's self-care ability,with the parenting styles being the most profound influence and the longest lasting time in the factors.So we research the relationship between children's self-care ability and parenting styles can not only provide effective theoretical support for future research,but also can help parents in practice correct to guide children to promote activities,and enhance the ability to reach the goal of children's normal development and health growth.Previous research have emphasize the rearing style of the father or mother,but this was lack of comprehensive understanding and seldom considered from the two aspects of father and mother's upbringing way.Meanwhile,the questionnaire was so simple that no rigorous data could support and validation for the study of self-care ability.The main purpose of this study is:(1)make a survey tool for evaluating children's self-care ability and revealing the self-care ability characteristics of child in China,including gender,whether the one-child and family economic income and so on;(2)investigate the general characteristics in the rearing style of children's fathers and mothers;(3)research the relationship between children's self-care ability and the parenting style.Therefore,this subject is mainly from three aspects to discuss the children's self-care ability problems.Research subject were 589 children,who came from two public kindergartens in Weifang.The main findings of the study were as follows:(1)self-compiled questionnaire on self-assessment of children has a good reliability andvalidity,which can be used as a measurement tool for research.Children's self-care ability includes four dimensions: life self-care ability,learning self-care ability,interpersonal relationship self-care ability and mentality self-care ability.(2)from the average of each dimension of the children's self-care ability,it is shown from high to low: interpersonal relationship self-care ability,learning self-care ability,mentality self-care ability and life self-care ability.But look from the demographic variable,there were no significant differences in gender,whether or not the only,family economic income in children's self-care ability,and in terms of age,there is significant differences in interpersonal relationship self-care ability—3 years old group were significantly lower than 5 years old group,and there were no significant differences in other dimensions.(3)There was no significant difference in parenting styles in the gender,but there was a significant difference in the severity of punishment and age in the father rearing style,and the score of the 4-year-olds was significantly higher than that of the 5-year-old group.Rejection that there are significant differences with whether the only,family economic income,specifically the non-only children score higher than the only child,high family economic income is lower than the low economic income.There is no significant difference between mother's upbringing and age,whether only one child or not,and there is a significant difference between mother's rejection and family's economic income,and high family economic income is lower than low economic income.(4)There were significantly negative correlation between the children's life self-care ability and the father's emotional warmth understanding and the father's scale score;Interpersonal relationship self-care ability,mentality self-care ability,learning ability were significantly positive correlation with the father's emotional warmth understanding and father's scale score.(5)There was a significant negative correlation between the children's life self-care ability and the mother's emotional warmth understanding,the excessive interference and over-protective of the mother,the total score of the mother's.interpersonal relationship self-care ability,and mentality self-care ability were positively correlated with the mother's emotional warmth understanding and mother's excessive interference over-protective,mother preferred subjects,mother scale total score.Children's learning self-care ability is positively correlated with the mother's emotional warmth understanding of mother's rearing style and the excessiveinterference over-protective of the mother.(6)father's emotional warmth can significantly negative predict children's ability of self-care in life,and positively predict their interpersonal,mental and learning abilities.At the same time,the father's preference for the subjects can also positively predict the interpersonal ability of the young children,and the over-protection is positively predicting the children's ability to learn self-care.The mother's emotional warmth understanding and excessive interference over-protective can significantly negative predict the life self-care ability of children,and positively predict interpersonal relationship self-care ability.The mother's excessive interference over-protective can also positively predict the child's mentality and learning self-care ability.